唐文宗治國的困境與謀略

Tang Wenzong's Dilemma and Strategies in National Governance

陳宣妤(Chen Hsuan-Yu)

指導教授 ： 陳登武

國立臺灣師範大學/文學院/歷史學系/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202200802

摘要

本文旨在重新檢討文宗朝政局及唐文宗的政治作為，呈現文宗國家治理的困境、政策與謀略。全文以「制敕」作為主要材料，考察文宗朝制敕中所揭露的訊息，除了表面上的吏治、刑獄、法制等問題，也關注其中潛藏的治理危機，揭示文宗革新政治行動下的謀略。本文各章節層層遞進，首先揭示文宗即位以來的政局困境——宦官勢力的擴張尤其嚴重，接著仔細梳理文宗應對危機的各種施政，如吏治、宗教、藩鎮等等，探討其間接抗衡宦官的策略。最重要的是，梳理災害類詔書，觀察文宗如何在天災時機下重整地方秩序，伸張皇權；考察詔敕中的「貞觀故事」，聚焦文宗形塑其「祖宗家法」的用心，在勾連太宗記憶的同時，回應現實困境，鞏固皇權。
藉由本文研究，嘗試與傳統觀點中的唐文宗囿於「牛李黨爭」及「甘露之變」的印象，進行對話，在重新審視文宗朝制敕的視角下，為唐文宗自太和初年至開成以後始終對抗宦官的施政及謀略，提供一個不同於傳統視角的歷史圖像。

關鍵字

唐文宗 ； 宦官 ； 制敕 ； 災害 ； 貞觀

並列摘要

This thesis aims to re-examine the Emperor Wenzong of Tang(唐文宗) and his political situation, and present Wenzong's policies and strategies for state governance. Using the imperial edicts(詔敕) of Emperor Wenzong of Tang as the main material to examine the information revealed in the imperial edicts of Emperor Wenzong of Tang. In addition to the superficial system problems such as official management, prisons, and laws, it is also concerned about the hidden crisis of national governance, and reveals the power and tactics of Tang Wenzong's political reforms. The chapters of this thesis are progressive, firstly revealing the political dilemma since Emperor Wenzong of Tang ascended the throne, especially the expansion of eunuch power, and then take a close look at the various policies of Emperor Wenzong of Tang in response to the crisis, such as official governance, religion, vassal towns, etc., revealing his indirect strategy to counter the eunuchs. Importantly, organizing out disaster edicts and observe how Emperor Wenzong of Tang re-established local order and asserted imperial power in the event of natural disasters. Examining ‘the routine of Zhenguan’(貞觀故事) in the imperial edicts, Emperor Wenzong of Tang used his ancestor's method(祖宗之法) as his backing, and while linking with Tang Taizong's(唐太宗) memory, he responded to the current dilemma and consolidated the imperial power.
This thesis attempts to correct the long-standing view that the Emperor Wenzong of Tang was subject to the impression of the power of the eunuch group and to provide a more prudent argument for Tang Wenzong's policy and strategy against eunuchs from the perspective of re-examining Tang Wenzong's edicts.

並列關鍵字

eunuch ； Tang Wenzong ； the imperial edicts ； natural disasters ； Zhenguan

參考文獻

一、基本文獻

漢．班固撰，《漢書》，北京：中華書局，1964。

晉．嵇含撰，《南方草木狀》，收入於《漢魏六朝筆記小說大觀》，上海：上海古籍出版社，1999。

北齊．魏收，《魏書》，北京：中華書局，1974。

南朝梁．劉勰撰，詹鍈義證，《文心雕龍義證》，上海：上海古籍出版社，1989。