銀髮族的外向型人格特質、線上社會焦慮、資訊超載與網路潛水行為關係之研究

A study on the correlation among the extraversion personality, online social anxiety, information overload and Internet lurking behaviors of the elders

郭惠敏(Kuo Hui-Min)

指導教授 ： 黃明月

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/社會教育學系/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202201257

摘要

在網路通訊時代，因移動裝置普遍和社群媒體蓬勃發展，促成了資訊豐富化的社交環境，促成網路社交多元性。當銀髮社會遇到資訊社會，銀髮族邁入退休階段、家庭空巢期、生理逐漸退化、社會角色變動、心理調適過程…等身心轉變時期，對網路數位環境的陌生，無所不在訊息接收的資訊社會，銀髮族從心理、生理反應性的角度來看，社會互動將導致社會焦慮的關鍵特徵。
由於銀髮族在前半生未曾或甚少接觸網路虛擬環境，原本熟悉的實際社交環境，卻不能運用於陌生的社群媒體氛圍，在使用LINE的過程中，可能因為個人的外向型人特質、線上社會焦慮、資訊超載…等因素，影響在LINE群組中的網路潛水行為；另外，線上社會焦慮、資訊超載與網路潛水行為之相關研究，大都集中在數位原民（1980年後出生）年輕族群為研究對象，很少聚焦在數位移民的銀髮族上，故引起研究者對此議題之研究動機。
基於上述研究動機，本研究目的為：
一、瞭解不同背景銀髮族在使用社群媒體LINE時，其外向型人格特質、線上社會焦慮、資訊超載與網路潛水行為之差異性
二、探討銀髮族在社群媒體LINE環境互動下，其線上社會焦慮、資訊超載與網路潛水行為之間互相影響程度。
本研究對象為台灣北部都會區(台北市、新北市、基隆市、桃園市)年滿55歲使用社群媒體LINE的銀髮族，其研究方法採取橫斷式、網路問卷調查法進行資料蒐集，收集334份有效樣本，採取描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、迴歸分析、皮爾森積差相關分析…等方式進行量化研究、統計資料。得到下列研究發現：
一、銀髮族每天在LINE發布訊息量越多、擁有越多LINE群組數、越多LINE 好友數，其外向型人格特質越明顯。
二、銀髮族外向型人格特質越高，則線上社會焦慮與網路潛水行為就愈低。
三、銀髮族在LINE發布訊息量越少，線上社會焦慮越明顯；女性比男性之 線上社會焦慮高。
四、銀髮族的線上社會焦慮與資訊超載越明顯，其網路潛水行為越高。
五、銀髮族感知資訊超載越明顯時，其線上社會焦慮越高。
六、銀髮族的網路潛水行為，家庭管理者比高階主管者明顯，教育程度越低 者，則網路潛水行為越明顯。
七、銀髮族的外向型人格特質越明顯，其資訊超載越低。
八、銀髮族的網路潛水行為越明顯時，其線上社會焦慮程度越高。
九、銀髮族的資訊超載越高，網路潛水行為越明顯。
十、銀髮族的的線上社會焦慮越高，資訊超載越明顯。
十一、銀髮族的線上社會焦慮和資訊超載，能預測網路潛水行為。

關鍵字

銀髮族 ； 社群媒體 ； 外向型人格特質 ； 線上社會焦慮 ； 資訊超載 ； 網路潛水行為

並列摘要

In the era of Internet communication, the prevalence of mobile devices and the booming development of social media have contributed to an information-rich social environment and the diversity of online social life. When the elder society meets the information society, the elder are entering the retirement stage, family empty nesting period, physiological degeneration, social role changes, psychological adjustment process...and other physical and mental changes, and they are unfamiliar with the digital environment of the Internet.
Since elders had no or little contact with the online virtual environment in the first half of their lives, they were unable to use the familiar social environment in the unfamiliar social media atmosphere. In addition, studies on online social anxiety, information overload, and online lurking behavior have mostly focused on young digital natives (born after 1980), but rarely on elder digital immigrants (born before 1980), thus prompting to study this issue.
Based on the above motives, the objectives of this study were:
(1) To understand the differences in extraversion personality, online social anxiety, information overload, and online lurking behavior among the elders from different backgrounds when using social media LINE
(2) To explore the degree of interaction between online social anxiety, information overload, and online diving behavior among the elders in the social media LINE environment.

The subjects for this study were elders aged 55 years or older who used social media LINE in the northern metropolitan area of Taiwan (Taipei City, New Taipei City, Keelung City, and Taoyuan City). There were 334 valid samples collected, and the data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics、Independent Sample t test、one-way analysis of variance、Regression analysis、Pearson Correlation analysis. The following findings were obtained:
1. The more messages elders post on LINE every day, the more LINE groups they have, and the more LINE friends they have, the more pronounced their extraversion personality traits are.
2. The higher the extraversion personality traits of elders have, the lower the online social anxiety and online lurking behaviors they have.
3. The lower the number of messages post on LINE, the more pronounced the online social anxiety of elders; the female have higher online social anxiety than the
male.
4. The more pronounced online social anxiety and information overload among elders, the higher their online lurking behavior.
5. The more information overload perceived by elders, the higher their online social anxiety.
6. Online lurking behavior of elders was more pronounced among housekeepers than senior managers, and the lower the education level, the more pronounced the online lurking behavior.
7. The extraversion personality trait of elders were more pronounced, the lower of overload information.
8. The more pronounced the online lurking behavior of elders, the higher their online social anxiety .
9. The higher the information overload of elders, the more pronounced their online lurking behavior is.
10. The higher the online social anxiety of elders, the more pronounced the information overload.
11. The online social anxiety and information overload of elders can predict their online lurking behavior.

並列關鍵字

elder ； social media ； extraversion personality traits ； online social anxiety ； information overload ； online lurking behavior

參考文獻

Kwon, O., & Wen, Y. (2010). An empirical study of the factors affecting social network service use. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(2), 254-263.

參考文獻

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