The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of implementing the Polya problem solving strategy into the teaching method on the anxiety level caused by learning mathematics and mathematics problem solving effectiveness of middle school students. The action research method involved a reflection on the foundational period and then proceeded to a three-cycle process and reflection. The study was conducted to analyze the difficulties and solutions encountered by teachers and students during the problem solving strategy observation period in order to make the process of Polya's problem solving strategy more smooth. In addition to analyzing the effectiveness of students' mathematical problem solving, interviews and classroom conversations were used to gain a deeper understanding of students' actual learning. The results of the study showed that the implementation of the Polya problem solving strategy led to a significant increase in students' effectiveness in solving mathematical problems and a significant decrease in students' anxiety in mathematics.