艋南義路：清代臺北盆地南緣道路修築與交通網絡

「艋南義路」是清代臺北士紳捐資修築的道路，路線約是由今日萬華區出發，行經中正區，最終抵達文山區公館一帶的道路，總長約有5.76公里。士紳們於修築後立碑說明，並將此路稱之為「艋南義路」。本文將以「艋南義路」為主題，說明這條道路對於清代臺北地區的意義。「建造艋南義路碑記」這座石碑是學界尚未廣泛使用的新史料，其所記載的修建原因、道路規格、使用者、捐款者等等，提供我們充分的資訊，得以「重現」清代道路的大略樣貌。因此，希望本文聚焦在「艋南義路」的研究，可以在了解陸路交通網絡形成的同時，也有機會能讓大眾對清代臺北歷史呈現更多元的想像。道路因行走人群、交通工具的不同，可以細分為官道、牛路及車路，這些道路普遍存在於清代臺灣各處，在這之中稱為「義路」者只有大甲「東門義路」及臺北「艋南義路」二處。藉由考證全臺唯二「義路」的形制、地點、修築的原因，了解「義路」有別於一般道路的特別之處，並嘗試描繪出「艋南義路」的實際路線。「建造艋南義路碑記」所記載的捐款者提供了線索，讓我們可以知道究竟是誰需要使用這條道路，分析這些捐款者的身份，並探究他們之所以捐錢修路的動機，特別是這是一條「赴艋」的道路，艋舺作為北臺第一大市街，「赴艋經商」成為使用「艋南義路」最主要的動機，同時也是艋舺商人的商品流通管道，在「艋南義路」周邊幾乎沒有土地的板橋林家，捐獻修路則與瑠公圳的經營有關。「艋南義路」及其延伸所構築而成的陸路交通網絡，在土地拓墾、商貿活動、軍事部署、輪祀信仰行為等各方面都扮演舉足輕重的角色，並構築起別具特色的地方社會樣貌。在軍事部分，本文注意到這條道路雖由民間出資整建，卻對於官方的營汛佈署、聯繫帶來影響，清代艋舺營與拳頭母山的往來，即經由此路。在商貿部分，本文發現台北淺山地區的經濟物資，如茶葉、大菁等皆透過此路運輸，成為艋舺對外輸出的商品。在信仰與人群的部份，道路更是連結特定信仰網絡與人群的關鍵。例如，景美高姓族人即於「艋南義路」的交通網路下，建立「保儀尊王」信仰的輪祀體系。透過上述三個層面的討論，無疑陸路交通實為清代臺北地區社會發展的關鍵線索。

關鍵字

艋舺；道路；交通建設；交通網絡；商品流通；信仰網絡

並列摘要

"Mong-nan Yi Road" is a road donated by Taipei gentry in the Qing Dynasty. The route starts from today's Wanhua District, passed through Zhongzheng District, and finally arrived at the Wenshan District Gongguan. The total length is about 5.76 kilometers. The gentry erected a monument to explain it after the construction, and called this road " Mong-nan Yi Road ". This article will take " Mong-nan Yi Road " as the theme to explain the significance of this road to the Taipei area in the Qing Dynasty. "The Stele of the Construction of Mong-nan Yi Road " is a new historical material that has not been widely used by the academic circle. The general appearance of modern roads. Therefore, I hope that this article will focus on the research of " Mong-nan Yi Road". While understanding the formation of the land transportation network, it will also have the opportunity to give the public a more diverse imagination of the history of Taipei in the Qing Dynasty. Roads can be subdivided into official roads, cattle roads, and cart roads due to the difference in the number of people walking and the means of transportation. They were commonly found in various parts of Taiwan in the Qing Dynasty. Among them, only Dajia "East Gate Yi Road" and The second place of " Mong-nan Yi Road" in Taipei. By researching the shape, location, and construction reasons of the only "Yi Road" in Taiwan, we can understand the special features of "Yi Road" that are different from ordinary roads, and try to describe the actual route of " Mong-nan Yi Road". The donors recorded in the "Monument of Building Mong-nan Yi Road" provide clues, let us know who needs to use this road, analyze the identities of these donors, and explore their motivations for donating money to build roads, especially This is a road of "going to Bangka". As the largest street in North Formosa, "going to Bangka for business" has become the main motivation for using "Mong-nan Yi Road". It is also a commodity distribution channel for Bangka merchants. The Lin family in Banqiao, which has almost no land in the surroundings of Mong-nan Yi Road, donated for road repairs related to the management of Liou Gong Zun (watertown). The land transportation network constructed by "Mong-nan Yi Road" and its extensions plays a pivotal role in land reclamation, commercial activities, military deployment, worship and worship, and builds a unique place social appearance. In the military part, this article notes that although this road was funded and rebuilt by the people, it had an impact on the official deployment and communication of camps and floods. In the Qing Dynasty, the contact between Bangka Camp and Chung-tou-mu Mountain was via this road. In the part of commerce and trade, this article finds that the economic materials in the shallow mountain area of Taipei, such as tea and Mayflower gloryberry, are transported through this road and become the commodities exported by Bangka. In terms of beliefs and groups of people, roads are the key to connecting specific belief networks and groups of people. For example, the Gao people in Jingmei established a wheel worship system of " Pao-Yi-Tsu-Wang " belief under the transportation network of "Mong-nan Yi Road". Through the discussion of the above three levels, there is no doubt that land transportation was a key clue to the social development of the Taipei area in the Qing Dynasty.