本研究利用現場可程式邏輯閘陣列FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays)設計控制系統,控制系統包含 了馬達驅動系統、感測系統、遠端遙控、影像系統等功能,藉由Verilog HDL程式語言,撰寫程式以整合控制系統,透過超音波感測器偵測環境,將移動過程中,偵測到的障礙物距離計算後,配合規劃出的避障程式,使履帶式機器人能自主避障最終抵達目的地,本研究考慮到實驗環境可能崎嶇不平及障礙跨越問題,故採用履帶作為機器人之移動方式,以適合行走於崎嶇地形或惡劣環境,最後將履帶式機器人做各項實驗測試,驗證本研究提出的避障方法和控制成效。
In this research, FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) is used to construct the con-trol system. The proposed control system includes a motor drive unit, ultrasonic sensor, remote control, and image processing, etc. The control system is through Verilog HDL programming language to implement the control algorithm. The tracked robot is used as the testbed for the proposed control algorithm. The main advantage for such robot is its potential ability action in harmful environment, especially in rugged ground. Thus, the tracked robots detect obstacle by eight ultrasonic sensors to calculate the distance while moving process. With the planning of obstacle avoidance function, the proposed tracked robots can do autonomous obstacle avoidance and follow the desired trajectory to destination target. Finally, the real-time experimentation is successfully applied to verify the proposed obstacle avoidance control algorithm.