環太平洋國際數學成就分析：以TIMSS資料庫為例

International Mathematics Achievement Analysis of the Pacific Rim：A Case Study in TIMSS Database

游美蓮(Mei- Lien Yu)

指導教授 ： 彭開琼

共同指導教授 ： 楊適如

健行科技大學/商學院/國際企業經營系碩士班/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究以國際教育學習成就調查委員會(International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement，IEA)2011年國際數學與科學成就趨勢調查(Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2011，TIMSS 20111)數學調查報告為依據，本研究自TIMSS資料庫中篩選出符合研究議題的46個國家地區，彙整包含台灣在內的環太平洋系統，包括台灣、日本、韓國、香港特區、新加坡等11國，與非環太平洋系統的四年級數學測驗成績來比較評估各國數學教育績效。接著以環太平洋區域內東北亞五個國家與其他六國再作比較，最後將地理位置相近的島國台灣與香港半島再作進一步的統整分析。
本研究從TIMSS 2011調查報告中選取對學生數學成就表現相關的兩大領域-數學內容與數學認知領域彙整成一項數學總體分數，與TIMSS 2011四年級數學達頂標成績(625分)學生比例作為績效產出指標，運用敘述統計、資料包絡分析(Data Envelopment Analysis，DEA)二系統模式進行分析(Different System Model，SYS Model)，再以魏克森等級和檢定(Wilcoxon rank-sum test)來檢定各因素對小學四年級學童數學成就表現的影響，以瞭解各國數學科領域的教育績效。研究結果發現，環太平洋系統TIMSS 2011四年級學生的數學整體測驗結果平均分數551分，整體優於非環太平洋的整體分數494分；東北亞五個國家整體平均分數597分，優於非東北亞國家整體平均分數512；香港整體平均分數602分高於台灣整體平均分數589分。
本研究進一步考量相關投入項目，如校園紀律、教師職業滿意度、學生數學學習興趣、及基本營養條件等因素後，以資料包絡分析法之二系統模式檢定，發現環太平洋系統績效值0.9348高於非環太平洋系統績效值0.8795；但以魏克森等級和檢定，發現兩大系統的平均成績有差異且驗證後達到統計顯著差異(p=0.067)。根據上述結論歸納得知，環太平洋系統整體數學教育績效值明顯高於非環太平洋系統，有顯著差異。但就環太平洋區域內而言，東北亞與非東北亞的投入產出結果非東北亞雖然絕對分數較低，績效卻以0.9890略勝東北亞國家 0.9833；顯示就投入產出而言投入過高，相對績效並非最佳。台灣與香港比較部分，結果顯示雖香港整體數學成就表現均優於台灣，尤以營養條件充足優於台灣18%，但教師職業滿意度方面台灣擇優於香港18%，顯示各有所長。

關鍵字

環太平洋國家、TIMSS 2011、二系統模式

並列摘要

According to the report of Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study 2011(TIMSS 2011) by International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) this study screens forty-six qualified countries which are in line with this subject and assessed the fourth grader’s mathematical achievement at county level by comparing the Pacific Rim countries (a total of eleven countries including Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, etc.) against the non-Pacific Rim countries, five countries in Northeast Asia against the rest of six countries in Pacific Rim region, then comparing the geographical proximity of Taiwan and Hong Kong, subject to further analysis integration finally.
This Study transformed two domains scores relevant to mathematics content and cognitive domains into an overall mathematics average scale score. Then the input indicators were obtained by using the overall mathematics average scale scores and the proportion of students reached the advanced international benchmark 625 in TIMSS. The mathematics achievements of fourth graders from each country as well as the influence of various factors upon student’s mathematics performances were evaluated based on the descriptive statistics, the Different System Model in the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
The results indicated that the fourth graders’ mathematical achievements among Pacific Rim nations (Mean score was 551. An average of twenty-one students reached the advanced international benchmark 625) were overall superior to the non-Pacific Rim nations (Mean score was 494. An average of six students reached the advanced international benchmark 625).
Furthermore, the Different System Model in the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) assessed several relevant factors, such as school discipline, career satisfaction of teachers, student’s interests in Mathematics, and student’s daily diet and nutrition. The efficient index of the Pacific Rim nations (0.9348) was higher than non-Pacific Rim nations (0.8795). The results of Wilcoxon rank-sum test revealed that there was statistic significant difference between the Pacific Rim nations and non-Pacific Rim nations (p=0.067). In summation, the overall Mathematics achievement and efficient index of students from the Pacific Rim nations were superior to students from the non-Pacific Rim nations. However, as to Pacific Rim region, although the absolute score of non-Northeast Asia was lower than Northeast Asia, the efficient index of non-Northeast Asia (0.9890) was better than Northeast Asia slightly. It also meant the more input indicators implemented, the better efficient index was not caused accordingly. Regarding the comparison of Taiwan and Hong Kong, the study revealed that although the overall mathematics achievements of Hong Kong was superior to Taiwan especially in the condition of daily diet and nutrition, the career satisfaction of teachers was superior to Hong Kong 18%.

並列關鍵字

Pacific Rim nations, TIMSS 2011, Different System Model (SYS Model)

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