虛擬網頁伺服器效能分析之研究

隨著網路的進步與方便，關於網路相關的應用逐年增加，演變到現在不管是企業或是中小型公司的電腦使用量逐年的增加以利生產。電腦中能使用的量化資源包括中央處理器（CPU）、記憶體、硬碟使用量等資源，但一般電腦作業系統實際有用到的資源都只佔了全部資源的一小部分，剩餘的資源都因閒置浪費掉了。因此，虛擬化技術開始盛行而研議，利用分時系統的概念來將一台電腦的全部資源分割給數台獨立的虛擬電腦，進而使用並且加以管理，此謂電腦虛擬化。電腦虛擬化分為兩種，第一種是於作業系統上運用虛擬化應用程式，將電腦資源分割成好幾塊提供虛擬機器使用，以達到虛擬化的動作。第二種是於電腦硬體上直接安裝虛擬作業系統（Hypervisor），目的是為了能夠直接的對硬體資源做控管。執行前者所造成的電腦資源消耗較後者高出許多，所以企業通常會為了營運而選擇後者的架構來架設公司的伺服器環境，但這幾年來虛擬化的廠商及產品逐年增加，使得企業在選用虛擬化產品時有更多選擇，亦期望對虛擬作業系統有更深入的了解。本研究以目前市場佔有率較高的伺服器虛擬作業系統ESXi、XenServer、Hyper-V作為測試對象，利用內、外部兩種測試方法測試了解各虛擬作業系統在不同配置組合下的效能及虛擬作業系統間的效能比較結果，再利用迴歸方程式研析擴充伺服器環境下的效能趨勢。結果顯示目前伺服器虛擬作業系統ESXi的效能最好，因該系統支援記憶體超標的功能。虛擬作業系統間的效能比較結果顯示ESXi優於XenServer優於Hyper-V。最後利用ESXi各種配置組合的效能數據，建構伺服器效能與同時執行虛擬機器數量的迴歸方程式，以了解當同時執行虛擬機器數量增加時的效能結果，以供日後伺服器虛擬化需求擴充的參考依據。

關鍵字

虛擬化；伺服器虛擬化；效能分析

並列摘要

With the network's progress and convenience, the application of network-related increases every year, regardless of the evolution to the business, or small and medium sized companies use computers to facilitate the increase in production year after year. The computer’s quantify resources are including the central processor unit (CPU), memory, hard disk and others, but the resources used by computer operating system are actually only a small part and the rest are wasted due to idle. Therefore, virtualization technology has become popular and deliberation, the use of the concept of time-sharing system to the full resources of a computer division to a number of stand-alone virtual PC, then use and to manage, what called the computer virtualization. Computer virtualization is divided into two categories; the first one is to use the virtualized applications on the operating system which the computer resources will be split into several pieces to provide a virtual machine to use to achieve virtualization. The second is that virtual operating system (Hypervisor) is installed directly on computer hardware which is designed to be able to directly control the hardware resources. Caused by the implementation of the former than the latter computer resource consumption is much higher, so companies often choose the latter to operate the infrastructure to set up the company's server environment, but the past few years, virtualization vendors and products increases every year, making the enterprises in the selection virtualization product, in a dilemma . In this study, the higher the market sharing of server virtualization systems, such as VMware ESXi, Citrix XenServer, and Microsoft Hyper-V, is selected as the testing objects. The internal and external testing methods are used to investigate the performance of server virtualization systems in a variety of configuration combinations in addition to comparison the performance among systems, and then the regression equation analyzes the performance trend of scaled server environment. The results show that the VMware ESXi server virtualization system has the best performance which is due to the excessive memory function. The performance comparison among systems indicates that ESXi is also the best and XenServer is better than Hyper-V. Finally, the regression equation generated from the ESXi performance data is to realize the change of performance as the number of virtual machine simultaneously increases which will be a key reference for future scaled server virtualization needs.