虛擬化系統備援機制之探討－以某虛擬化軟體為例

在現今消費者購物習慣已逐漸由實體店家購物改變成電腦購物及手機購物，提供線上購物的電商或提供大型網站服務的企業是能否提供7x24小時服務成為一個重要的課題。當提供服務的硬體設備發生故障系統即無提供服務，而系統回復運作的時間就越顯重要，因為中斷服務的時間越久，對企業的損失就越大。本研究是使用虛擬化技術的不同備援功能，模擬當系統發生故障後，系統復原正常運作的時間。虛擬化軟體發展至目前也進入多家競爭時期，在資訊產業中較常看到廠商有 VMware vSphere、Microsoft Hyper-V、Citrix Xen、Red Hat KVM等。本研究以目前市面上某廠牌（M廠牌）的虛擬化軟體進行備援功能測試，並對該廠牌虛擬化軟體的備援功能做一對照比較。研究結果也顯示當主機硬體發生故障時在虛擬化架構下能在較短的時間內讓虛擬機上的服務正常運作，在實作M廠牌虛擬化技術的備援機制後，虛擬機的服務確實可在短時間被恢復，比起實體主機故障需要花費的維修時間短上許多。這也是為何虛擬化技術會讓企業資訊人員喜愛以及接受，並且虛擬化技術能充份的利用主機的效能，當主機效能不足時在資源擴充上也是相對容易。虛擬化軟體的授權金額對企業也是一筆費用，但在需要提供7x24小時不間斷服務條件的考慮下，資訊人員仍會考慮讓購買虛擬化軟體的授權，讓部份重要的系統運行在虛擬化平台上。

關鍵字

虛擬化；備援機制

並列摘要

Nowadays, consumers’ shopping habits have gradually changed from physical store shopping to computer shopping and mobile shopping. Whether e-commerce companies that provide online shopping and or companies that provide large-scale website services can provide 7x24 hours of service has become an important issue. When the hardware equipment that provides services fails, the system does not provide services. And the time for the system to resume operation becomes more important. Because the longer the service interruption, the greater the loss to the company. This study is to use the different backup functions of virtualization technology. Simulate the time it takes for the system to recover normally when the system fails. The development of virtualization software has entered a period of multiple competing vendors, such as VMware vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V, Citrix Xen, Red Hat KVM, etc., which are commonly seen in the information industry. In this study, we tested the redundancy function of a certain vendor (vendor M) of virtualization software in the market and compared the redundancy function of this vendor's virtualization software. The results of the study also show that when the host hardware fails, the services on the virtual machine can be restored in a relatively short time under the virtualization architecture, and the services on the virtual machine can be restored in a short time after implementing the backup mechanism of vender M virtualization technology. This is why virtualization technology is so popular and accepted by enterprise IT staff, and virtualization technology can fully utilize the performance of the host, and it is relatively easy to expand resources when the host performance is insufficient. The cost of virtualization software licenses is also a cost to the enterprise, but with the need to provide 7x24 service conditions, IT staff will still consider purchasing virtualization software licenses to run some of their critical systems on a virtualized platform.