探討綠色供應鏈不良品回收之逆物流存貨模式

近年來，隨著地球資源逐漸枯竭及環保意識的抬頭，物料成本占企業總成本的比例日益增加。而且，由於環保的全球化趨勢，許多綠色供應鏈管理議題已吸引許多學者投入研究。一般來說，一個傳統供應鏈是不包含逆向物流，而逆物流的主要目的為產品的回收及資源的再利用，本研究考慮產品可以使用回收物料來進行再製造。有別於傳統存貨管理僅考慮個別立場，有效的供應鏈必須以各成員協同合作，以得到整個供應鏈系統的最佳化。因此，考慮生產過程含不良品下，本研究針對逆物流回收型態發展一個整合型存貨模式，使用最佳化方法推導出最佳解，使買賣雙方之聯合總成本最小，也使其與實務更加貼近。並且以數值範例說明本研究所建構存貨模式之結果。

關鍵字

綠色供應鏈管理；存貨；逆物流；回收；不良品

並列摘要

The material cost for the company has increased noticeably with gradual depletion of the Earth's resources and the rise of environmental protection consciousness. Due to globalization of environmental protection, green supply chain management issues have attracted many scholars into research. A traditional supply chain does not include reverse logistics. The goal of reverse logistics is to recycle the materials and remanufacture the used products into new ones. This study considers that products can be remanufactured from return materials. While traditional inventory management considers only individual interests, effective supply chain needs members to collaborate with each other in order to optimize the entire supply chain system. Therefore, this study develops an integrated inventory model for imperfect quality products with the recycling from reverse logistics. This research uses optimization methods to derive the solutions in minimizing the total inventory cost of buyer and seller, which is closely associated to an industry-related practice. The numerical examples are done to illustrate the results derived from the models.