近年發展起來的無人飛行載具(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV),在使用上擁有高機動性、低成本、限制小等優勢,在工程測繪上已有廣泛的應用。本研究以一處滯洪池為案例,分別採用GNSS即時動態定位、三維雷射掃瞄、UAV航測等三種技術,快速獲取目標物之點雲型態資料,再運用空間製圖軟體組成三維模型後,進行工程體土方量之解算。研究成果發現,UAV航測(使用地控點)與三維雷射掃瞄之土方量體差異比例僅約0.14%,而GNSS 定位測算成果會因採樣點間距最大,而出現約19%之較大差異。另UAV航測若不使用地面控制點,其土方量測成果與使用地面控制點之差異約1.21 %;若將航測相片使用數量減少50%,土方計算成果之差異僅約0.6%,但資料解算時間可大幅減少2/3,相關簡化作法應可作為快速解算土方量需求案例之運用參考。
The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) developed in recent years has advantages such as high mobility, low cost and small restrictions in use, and has been widely used in surveying and mapping. In this study, a flood detention pond was selected as a case to measure its volume. Three techniques, namely the GNSS Reat-Time Kinematic (RTK), 3D terrestrial laser scanning and UAV aerial survey, were carried on by quickly obtaining the point cloud data of the target object, and then operating the spatial mapping software to compose the 3D model and to measure the volume. The research results show that the difference between the UAV aerial survey, along with the ground control points, and the 3D laser scanning is only about 0.14%. The GNSS positioning result is found to have the largest difference of around 19% with the others due to its largest sampling grid. In addition, if the UAV aerial survey does not work with the ground control points, the difference of earthwork volume is approximately 1.21 %. If the number of aerial photographs used is reduced by 50%, the difference in calculated volumes is only around 0.6%, but the computing time can be significantly reduced by 2/3. These simplifications can be suggested to the campaigns that need to quick measure the earthwork volume.