台灣地區銀行業策略群組與經營績效之研究─民國九十四年二次金改前後期之比較

STUDY ON THE STRATEGIC GROUPS AND PERFORMANCE OF BANKING INDUSTRY IN TAIWAN—COMPARISON OF THE PRO-AND-POST THE SECOND FINANCIAL REFORM

彭漢祺(HAN-CHI PENG)

指導教授 ： 梁世安

國立臺北大學/商學院/國際財務金融碩士在職專班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究主旨在探討94年二次金改前後，比較台灣地區因二次金改造成的金融環境變動是否使銀行業間產生不同的策略群組，及不同策略群組其經營策略與經營績效間是否有明顯之影響，以提供銀行業者及政府相關當局作為經營策略規劃、績效與政策執行之參考。
本研究先根據吳思華(2001)所提出的三項策略構面，並考量銀行經營特性，得到17項原始策略變數並進行因素分析，根據Kaiser（1960）弱下限法，保留特徵值大於1的因素，並透過最大變異法來進行直交轉軸，因此可得到二次金改前後各5個重要的關鍵策略要素。接下來利用關鍵策略要素，對各銀行成員進行集群分析，使得集群內同質性高且群組間異質性高，根據研究發現在二次金改前後各分成6個群組。
根據上述研究結果，利用單因子多變量變異數分析及單因子變異數分析，針對不同策略群組，分別驗證其在策略構面、績效構面、策略變數與績效變數間，是否有顯著的差異，並利用Scheffe多重比較法來檢定各個不同策略群組對策略或績效的差異。
根據本研究發現，台灣地區銀行業內確實存在不同策略群組且因金融環境變動會造成策略群組之改變。不同策略群組間，各關鍵策略要素與策略變數之運用有明顯之差異，但經營策略與經營績效則並非有完全顯著的不同。最後則依研究發現與結論，分別就相關政府單位、銀行策略群組及後續研究者提出建議事項，俾供參考。

關鍵字

二次金改 ； 策略群組 ； 經營績效

並列摘要

This study is to analyze whether different strategic groups were applied by banking industry in face of Taiwan’s Second Financial Reform in 1995, and moreover to evaluate business performance if any among these strategic groups that launched varied business strategies in the given period. The results will be for related parties/authorities’ reference regarding strategic planning, business performance, and policy execution.
Based on the “three strategic dimensions” proposed by WU SIH-HUA (2001) and banking characters, 17 strategic factors for banking industry were identified. Via the methodology of factor analysis and Kaiser’s weakest lower bound (1960) - to keep parameters with significance level greater than 1 and then to conduct orthogonal rotation by varimax ratation, this study sorted five key strategic factors out of the 17 factors mentioned previously as criteria to test difference of business performance among varied strategic groups. Continuously, this study was to do cluster analysis for the baking participants/players based on five key strategic factors found. The result concluded six clusters pro-and-post the Second Financial Reform respectively.
According to the previous outcome, this study then conducts multivarite ANOVA for these 6 clusters to verify the significant difference if any between strategy, business performance, strategic factors and business performance factors. Furthermore, Scheffe's S (Simutaneous) was used to test the significance of these differences.
Per the research, two findings were unveiled: distinct strategic groups do exist within Taiwan’s banking industry and the change in financial environment/conditions does result in varied strategic groups. Among those observed strategic groups, significant difference was found between key strategic factors and the implementation of them while such difference was not found between business strategy and operating performance.
Lastly, based on the findings, the following will be the suggestions/references for related government authorities, banking strategic groups, and upcoming researchers/studies.

並列關鍵字

The Second Financial Reform ； strategy group ； performance

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