企業監控行為與員工隱私權之民事責任研究

A Study on Civil Liability of Employer Monitoring and Employee Workplace Privacy

徐右家(YU-CHIA HSU)

指導教授 ： 林誠二

國立臺北大學/法律學院/法律學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

隨著科技進步，雇主於工作場所中使用各種監控裝置以維護其財產權益，包括監控電話、裝設監視器以及監控電子郵件，然而卻產生隱私權侵害之爭議。我國現行法制並未針對相關問題設有專法，如何保障員工之隱私權，同時兼顧企業雇主之利益，為一值得研究之議題。本文採用分析比較法對企業監控與員工隱私之民事責任課題加以研究，探討我國實務上雇主所負民事責任之狀況。
在研究架構上，第二章將透過外國法制以及我國法制瞭解隱私權之意義與內容，並探討雇主之權利基礎所在，以期能對雙方間所產生之利益衝突有初步理解及掌握。其次，第三章分別針對傳統上工作場所中侵害隱私權常見的三種類型作一介紹，包括電話監控、監視器監視以及測謊，並援引綜合犯罪防制及街道安全法案第三篇以及受雇者測謊保護法。第四章專就企業監看員工的電子郵件為探討。第五章探討隱私權之放棄於民事責任上效力為何，並探討民事責任認定上之標準。最後並提出企業管理政策，作為企業運作之參考。第六章則總結本文見解以為彙整。
總言之，本文認為民法責任之認定應建立明確之判斷標準。由於我國對於企業雇主的監控行為未有明文規定，為明確劃分監控行為的合法界限或可參酌美國及德國關於監控行為之規範或實務及學說所建立之判斷模式。此外，隱私權放棄之有效性應審慎認定，以保障員工之權益。

關鍵字

工作場所隱私權 ； 電話監控 ； 監視器 ； 測謊 ； 監控電子郵件

並列摘要

With the scientific and technological progress, employers monitor their employees to protect security, property, productivity and quality, and to prevent harassment, discrimination and violence, which produce the dispute of encroaching on the right of privacy. How to ensure the employee's right of privacy is a topic that is worth studying to give consideration to the interests of the enterprise employer at the same time. This study uses the literature analysis comparison method to examine the civil liability of employer monitoring and employee workplace privacy.
Chapter two introduces the meaning and content of the right of privacy. Secondly, chapter three introduces three common kinds of the privacy tort in the workplace traditionally separately , including telephone monitoring , video surveillance , and polygraph testing , and quote Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act and Employee Polygraph Protection Act.
Chapter four discusses the issue of monitoring of e-mail in the workplace. In chapter five, this article introduces the civil liability effect of consenting to the privacy tort, and analyses the judgement of civil liability. In addition, this article proposes enterprise's management policy, the reference as enterprise's operation. Chapter six concludes all the conclusion.
In conclusion , this article suggests that should set up clear judgement standard of civil liability. After reviewing Taiwan’s legal system, we found that it has not had a express provision to the control behavior of the enterprise employer. In order to judging whether the employer's behavior is legal , we may referred the judgement way in which the norm, practice and theory of America and Germany set up to strong references and suggestions for Taiwan’s legal system on the legislation of related laws. In addition, the legal effect of consenting to the privacy tort should be asserted scrupulously, in order to ensure the employee's rights and interests.

並列關鍵字

workplace privacy ； telephone monitoring ； video surveillance ； polygraph testing ； e-mail monitoring

參考文獻

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