環境污染與經濟成長抵換關係之討論：外生Ramsey模型之應用

The Discussion of the Trade-off between the Environmental Pollution and the Economic Growth：The Application of the Exogenous Ramsey Model

蔡函勳(Han-Hsun Tsai)

指導教授 ： 魏國棟

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/經濟學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本文以Xepapadeas(2003)的模型架構為基礎，建置一個考慮污染負效用的外生Ramsey模型，經濟體系中包含了生產部門以及污染防治部門，社會規劃者必須將資源配置於此兩部門，並在資本累積方程式的限制條件下，追求無窮期效用極大化，透過此一最適化問題，分析經濟體系中內生變數的穩定狀態解，以及生產技術或環保意識變動後的動態調整過程，藉此討論污染與經濟成長之間的關係。

經由研究結果可以得知，若僅強調生產技術的進步，則短期之下，經濟成長與環境品質會有一抵換關係，但長期之下，則因消費的跨期替代彈性之大小會有不同的結論：當消費的跨期替代彈性越大，則此抵換關係仍會存在；反之，則可能得到經濟成長與環境品質同向提升的雙贏局面。若僅強調提升環保意識，以減緩環境品質惡化，或改善環境品質時，不論短期或長期，皆會造成經濟成長的減緩，顯示經濟成長與環境品質的確存在抵換關係。

關鍵字

Ramsey模型 ； 環境污染與經濟成長的抵換關係

並列摘要

This study employs an exogenous Ramsey model, which is based on Xepapadeas’s(2003) model, to discuss the trade-off between environmental pollution and economic growth. This model consists of manufacturing department and pollution abatement department to the social planner is obliged to distribute capital between two departments. Moreover, the social planner needs to maximize the social utility under the constraint on capital accumulation. Followed by the optimization principles, this study derives the steady-state solutions and related phase-diagrams. However, this study also assumes two different impacts, change of production technology and people’s environmental consciousness, on the trade-off relationships.

This study concludes that the trade-off between environmental pollution and economic growth is existed with the changes of production technology and environmental consciousness in the short-run. But, in the long-run, the trade-off between environmental pollution and economic growth is only existed when the change of environmental consciousness. However, the long-run impact of production technology change on the trade-off relationship is existed when the elasticity of intertemporal substitution of consumption is bigger. On the contrary, there will be a win-win situation for both environmental improvement and economic growth if the elasticity of intertemporal substitution of consumption is small.

並列關鍵字

Ramsey model ； Trade-off between environmental pollution and economic growth

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