- 學位論文
律師拒絕證言權之探討
A Study on the Attorney-Client Privilege against Testimony
摘要
律師依據律師倫理規範負有保密義務、忠實義務及真實義務，本文著重點在律師之保密義務原則例外之解釋，及如何與刑事訴訟法第182條律師拒絕證言權之規定相互調和之問題。於解釋保密義務規範內容時，因律師倫理規範第33條於民國98年修正理由說明乃是參照美國專業行為示範規則1.6條所修正，故在解釋上參酌美國專業行為示範規則1.6條之內容作為補充。 而在解釋保密義務與業務拒絕證言權規範之關係上，因美國專業行為示範規則1.6條之註釋中有提到保密義務與美國法上委託人與律師特權並不完全相同，然而我國法182條的律師拒絕證言權規範與委託人與律師特權之概念雷同，故在解釋我國保密義務與拒絕證言權之關係時，可參酌美國法上對律師保密義務及律師與委託人特權之間之解釋，又我國法對律師拒絕證言權及欠缺明確標準及細緻的規範，故本文於解釋律師拒絕證言權之規範，亦參考美國法上對律師及委託人特權之文獻作為解釋上的補充。 本文最後則將律師在訴訟上主張拒絕證言權解釋為被告受律師協助之一環，依據我國大法官解釋654號受憲法第16條訴訟權之保障後，進一步論述，若律師未主張拒絕證言或聲請拒絕證言遭駁回，所為之證言證據能力有無之判斷。
並列摘要
According to the Rules Of Professional Conduct, lawyers have the duty of confidentiality, the duty of loyalty and the duty of candor. This Essay emphasis on the explanation of the exceptions of the duty of confidentiality as well as the problem of the harmonious with Criminal Procedural Code section 182 which regulates the testimonial privileges. When explain the content of the duty of confidentiality, this essay also consult U.S. ABA_Model Rules of Professional Conduct rule 1.6 due to the reason of mendation in 2010 reveals that the mendation of the Rules of Professional Conduct section 33 is refer to U.S. ABA_Model Rules of Professional Conduct rule 1.6. When explain the relationship of the duty of confidentiality and the lawyer’s testimonial privileges, this essay consults the explanation of the duty of confidentiality and the client-lawyer relationship in U.S. due to the comment of U.S. ABA_Model Rules of Professional Conduct rule 1.6 mentions that the duty of confidentiality and the client-lawyer relationship are not the same concept while in Taiwan the concept of the lawyer’s testimonial privileges and the client-lawyer relationship are the same. At the same time, the lawyer’s testimonial privileges in Taiwan lakes of clearance standard and precise regulation, when it comes to the explanation of the regulation of the lawyer’s testimonial privileges, this essay also learn from the experience of the documentations which refer to the client-lawyer relationship in U.S. At the last, this essay put the professional testimonial privileges into the range of the legal assistance, according to Constitution section 16 which regulations the right of litigation that could be found in J.Y. Interpretation no.654. Furthermore, this essay discuss that if the lawyer do not assert the testimonial privileges or the judge dismiss the lawyer’s testimonial privileges, weather the testimony has the qualification of evidence or not.