排放權核配對能源密集產業碳風險影響評估

The Assessment of Emission Allocation on Carbon Risk Impact for Energy Intensive Industries

曾盟峯(Meng-Feng,Zeng)

指導教授 ： 李堅明

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/自然資源與環境管理研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

近年來，溫室效應與極端氣候現象發生頻繁，溫室氣體排放問題不斷被放大檢視，因此以總量管制與交易制度(Cap and trade)為概念的政策與措施陸續推出，世界各國開始嚴格限制產業的溫室氣體排放量，能源密集產業面臨碳成本與碳風險(Carbon risk)的提高，甚至導致碳洩漏(Carbon leakage)的現象發生，尤其台灣地區的人均排放強度在世界排名上名列前茅，其排放總量特別集中於能源密集產業，因此該如何降低我國能源密集產業之碳風險值，從而提高其產業競爭力，避免造成碳洩漏的問題，已是刻不容緩的全球議題。因此，本研究欲分析不同產業面臨何種碳風險型態，且將其所面臨的碳風險型態明確界定，並透過我國七大能源密集產業之廠商進行問卷調查，了解我國能源密集產業面臨碳風險時的因應態度及主要減排動機，從而評估廠商對於投入減排科技研發的獎勵措施以及對於排放額度的核配方法有何偏好。進一步，計算出我國七大能源密集產業近年來之碳風險值。最後，透過我國出口至歐盟地區之高貿易敏感度產品與理論模型來評估不同排放權核配制度將會對能源密集型產業之碳風險產生何種影響、面臨哪些挑戰，並研擬出協助其降低衝擊的措施與作法，從而，提供政府及產業更進一步之低碳轉型策略。

關鍵字

排放權核配制度 ； 碳風險 ； 碳洩漏 ； 貿易敏感度 ； 能源密集產業 ； 總量管制與排放交易 ； 低碳轉型

並列摘要

These years,the greenhouse effect and extreme climate’s phenomenon appear persistently. The greenhouse gases emission problem is being viewed as a big problem continuously, therefore, based on Cap-and-trade as perspective’s policy and measures’ protrusion continually, every countries in the world are starting to limit the industry’s greenhouse emission amounts strictly. Energy intensive industries face carbon’s prime cost and carbon risk that are being raised, it even affects carbon leakage phenomenon. Especially, the per capita emissions in Taiwan that are the top ones in this world. And most emissions will be concentrated on energy intensive industries specially, hence, how to lower down Taiwan’s carbon emission and the value of carbon risk in the matter of energy intensive industries, how to upgrade the sense of competitiveness of industries, how to get rid and overcome the problem of carbon leakage, have become the world’s matter that need immediate action to be solved.Therefore,this research wants to analyze different industries face different dangerous forms of carbon risk, and we will do research in deciding whole different kinds of subjects regarding on how to face different dangerous forms of carbon risk. Moreover, we will get through factory owners doing questionnaires in order to understand Taiwan energy intensive industries, how will they overcome a situation when they face the dangerous things of carbon risk and the main motivation of emission reduction. From this thing, we can understand the factory owners will choose what investment in reduction technology research or develop reward measure and prefer what allocation method. Even, counting out the value of carbon risk of Taiwan’s seven largest energy intensive industries in these years. Finally, we estimate these emission allocation schemes and what kind of challenges that energy intensive industries are facing on the effect of dangerous things that exist on carbon risk. In addition, we also doing out and helping another measures and methods of reducing the impacts. From this on, we will provide some low carbon transition strategies.

並列關鍵字

Emission Trading Scheme ； Carbon Risk ； Emission Allocation ； Energy Intensive Industries ； Low Carbon Transition ； Carbon Leakage ； Cap and Trade ； Trade Sensitivity

參考文獻

經濟部能源局能源產業溫室氣體減量資訊網(2012)

李堅明、官雲卿 (2009)，排放權核配方式對產業經濟與環境效率影響之研究，海峽兩岸經濟、產業與環境學術研討會。

李堅明、江佳蓁 (2011)，排放交易制度對能源密集產業碳風險與碳洩漏之影響評估，全國實證經濟學研討會。

European Commission (2010), Auctioning of greenhouse gas emission allowances pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and the Council establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowances trading within the Community.

European Commission (2011), Guidance Document n°1