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  • 學位論文

台灣太陽光電產業發展之經濟、能源與環境影響分析

The analysis of economic , energy and environmental effects for PV industry in Taiwan.

指導教授 : 張四立
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摘要


本研究針對國內太陽能電池之生命週期評估的盤查資料及其結果進行總量推估,以檢視太陽能電池在製造與使用階段的原料與能源使用情形以及對環境的影響。另外,運用行政院95年產業關聯表之經濟面資料,檢視光電材料及元件部門的附加價值以及相對於其他產業所帶來的產業貢獻。 研究結果顯示,檢視光電材料及元件部門各項目在附加價值的貢獻率,可看出光電部門的附加價值貢獻皆在固定資本消耗,主因是技術研發不斷在更新,產能持續擴充,需投資購買相關固定設備。此外,光電材料及元件部門外銷比例高,但在經營盈餘的佔比卻很小,可見此產業為薄利多銷,非屬高利潤產業。從勞動報酬與間接稅淨額的佔比,顯示光電部門在社會面的貢獻也是相對有限的。 以實際國內太陽能電池使用狀況,在2010年外銷比為90.62%,因此有九成以上的環境效益是由國外享有,分析國內發展太陽光電產業,在原料取得、製造、使用階段製程中須承擔龐大的環境負荷,但在發展太陽光電產業所能獲得的經濟與環境效益,可能遠低於環境負荷所須付出的代價。

並列摘要


In this study, to estimate the total amount of solar cells, the evaluation of the manufacture, raw materials, energy usage and environmental impact by the results of the life cycle assessment.In addition, by viewing the economic data of I-O in 2006, we can understand the added value of optoelectronic materials and the contribution they bring about. The results show that the added-value of the photovoltaic sector are in fixed capital consumption by viewing optoelectronic materials and components sector. The main reason is that R & D constantly update, ongoing capacity expansion, and the need to invest in related capital equipment. In addition, optical materials and components sector has a high proportion of the export, but with small proportion of operating surplus. It belongs to small profits, not high profits. The photovoltaic sector in the social contribution is relatively limited from the proportion of tax and operating surplus. The actual usage of domestic solar cells in 2010 is 90.62% of the export ratio, so more than 90% of the environmental benefits owned by overseas. To Analyze of the development of photovoltaic industry in Taiwan, the raw material acquisition, manufacturing, and the manufacturing process have to bear large environmental load. However, economic and environmental benefits of solar industry may be much lower than the costs of environmental load.

參考文獻


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