身體質量指數對醫療支出的影響-以台灣適齡工作人口為例

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND MEDICAL CARE EXPENDITURE AMONG TAIWANESE LABOR FORCE.

李嘉榮(Chia-Jung lee)

指導教授 ： 陳欽賢

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/經濟學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

近年來，國人肥胖盛行率與醫療支出，皆逐年上升，到底肥胖盛行率與醫療支出有何關聯？值得進一步的研究。本文使用2005國民健康訪問調查暨藥物濫用調查資料庫，以兩階段最小平方法(Two Stage Least Square model) 分析15歲到65歲國民身體質量指數(BMI)對醫療支出的影響。第一階段觀察不同地區對身體質量指數的影響，第二階段則探討經地區別調整過後之身體質量指數對醫療支出的影響。研究結果發現，15~40歲樣本中，南部地區的身體質量指數顯著地高於北部地區；41~65歲樣本則顯示東部地區的身體質量指數顯著地高於北部地區。同時兩組樣本皆顯示身體質量指數越高，會導致越高的醫療支出。由於肥胖可能使某些疾病的好發率提高，進而增加醫療支出。因此，依據不同年齡層與地區特性，推行不同的減重政策，以降低身體質量指數，將可以有效的降低因為肥胖所導致的醫療支出。

關鍵字

身體質量指數；醫療支出；兩階段最小平方法

並列摘要

The rate of obesity and medical care expenditure has been increasing in recent years. Is there any relationship between obesity and medical care expenditure? This study uses samples aged between 15~65 years old from the 2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to investigate the relationship. A two stage least square model is used. In the first stage, we analyze the impact of different living areas on BMI. In the second stage, the impact of BMI on per capita medical care expenditure is then evaluated. The results show that for the age between 15~40 years old, those live in the south have significantly higher BMI than those live in the north. However, for the age between 41~65 years old, those live in the east have significantly higher BMI than those live in the north. Moreover, higher medical care expenditure was associated with higher BMI. Since many diseases are related to obesity and these diseases can also increase medical care expenditure, it is effective to reduce medical care expenditure by reducing BMI according to different weight loss policy based on different age groups and areas.

並列關鍵字

Body Mass Index；Medical Care Expenditure；Two Stage Least Square model

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