- 學位論文
苗栗縣中輟學生高關懷團體輔導方案之行動研究
An Action Research on At-Risk Youth： A Case Study of High School Drop-out Students In Miaoli County
摘要
本研究藉由校園高關懷團體輔導對中輟邊緣學生實施彈性之多元化課程，儘早介入關懷與輔導關係之建立，以預防與降低中輟學生之發生率。本文的目的有三：（一）針對苗栗縣○○國中之八位中輟邊緣學生設計一套高關懷輔導方案。（二）透過上課觀察、訪談評估本研究設計之高關懷輔導方案之成效。（三）以行動研究方法提出高關懷輔導方案未來設計與實踐之注意事項。 研究設計之方案理念，在於以置入性行銷方式，將「社會普遍性價值觀念、法治理念」的思維帶入，同時以談話性的主題內容，深入瞭解與澄清團體目標與個人的價值，藉由輕鬆活潑的遊戲、藝術、音樂治療的概念，運用於課程技巧（例如下棋、玩撲克牌、電影欣賞及討論劇情、打籃球戶外活動、課堂的下午茶、吃喝玩樂的人生哲學、成功的人生經驗、他人的故事、鏡子的啟發、你我他的生活舞臺…等主題），來建立與維持師生關係；並且用多元彈性豐富有趣的課程設計，吸引學生參與的意願，成為團體的主角。在研究設計上，企圖以回歸融合教育理念出發，評估學校老師的輔導態度、家長的支持配合度及少輔會、少年隊、少年法庭等相關資源的關懷行動課程方案，並且以苗栗縣中輟學生的輔導防治策略為方案評估對象，希望能分析其效果、利弊，並作為其他縣市或機構設計中輟預防方案之實務參考。 本文從學生團體輔導執行二個月方案之過程性評估、學生訪談記錄及導師訪談記錄進行方案總結性評量、並觀察成員認知觀念、打架、翹課、飆車、深夜遊蕩、加入幫派等偏差行為之改變。從訪談老師及學生的結果可以證實高關懷團輔方案具有成效，但方案成效目標達成率則未如期待中顯著。本文認為方案投入的價值所引發學員的內在認知改變，是方案最有價值之處；且從外顯行為的降低，如翹課次數、無中輟情形，可以得知方案可以遏止違規偏差行為的惡化。本文總結本方案之成效，認為未來應可適度修改並增加資源後，推展於校園的學校社會工作中。
並列摘要
This thesis focuses on intensive group therapy in campus for drop-out students: with flexible and divers programs, this therapy aims at intervening and providing guidance in early stage in order to prevent and decrease the cases of drop-outs. This thesis concentrates on 1) the intensive group therapy program designed for 8 drop-out students from one high school in Miaoli; 2) the evaluations on its efficiency through observations of the sessions and interviews with participants; and 3) through action research method, providing suggestions on the designing and the application for future intensive group therapy The program in question is designed base on “Placement Marketing”, and is seeking to introduce the idea of “common values and ideas of rules and laws shared by the society” through talks focusing on a topic, which looks to clarify in depth the group interest and the individual value. Through relaxing games and the concept of art & music therapy, guidance is worked through different method such as chess games, poker games, movie appreciation and discussion, basketball games, afternoon tea, philosophy from enjoyment of life, successful life experience, story from other people, the inspiration of mirror, and life stage of the self and the other, etc…Divers programs are designed in such a way to allow students engaging in active participation and becoming the focus in a group. The research itself, starting from the basics of educational concept, evaluates the attitude from teachers and the support from the parents involved in this program, active programs and resources from police and justice departments such as Juvenile Guidance Committee, Juvenile Affaires Division, and Juvenile Court, etc…and focus on guidance policy launched in Miaoli County. The goal is to analyze its efficiency, up side and down side, so as to provide reference for any future drop-out prevention programs applied by other areas or institutions. The duration of therapy/program in question was two months’ period, and this thesis provides a summative evaluation on its process, interviews with the participants/students and teachers, and also observes the changes from the students in terms of their perceptions and behavioral aberrations such as fighting, skipping classes, motorbike racing, roaming at late night, and becoming gangster. The result of the therapy in question, judging from such interviews and observations, is positive, however it is not reaching its expectation. This thesis considers that the value produced by the therapy in questions is mainly the changes of cognitions within the participants; viewing that the number of class skipping and drop-out cases are reduced, this therapy is indeed helpful in stopping behavioral aberrations. This thesis finally concludes that, being efficient, this therapy, with some adjustment and increase of resource/support, should be applied social works related to campus.