健全的證券市場機制為證券交易法立法的首要目標之一,為達成此一目的,企業營運資訊的公開透明即相當重要,公開說明書制度即依此而生,而為確保公開說明書所載內容之真實,避免企業藉由傳遞不實資訊不法籌措資金使投資人蒙受損失,則必須配合妥適的民事賠償機制讓受有損害的投資人能確實獲得合理賠償並嚇阻不法。惟我國證券發行市場是否確能透過證券交易法中相關規範維持市場的健全與穩定,並使投資人能於受有損害後獲得適切賠償?就現行條文與法院判決適用情形觀察似乎存有疑慮,因此本文以證券發行市場初次公開所編製之申報文件和公開說明書,以及相對應的資訊不實民事賠償責任為核心,提出我國證券交易法第31條及第32條就公開說明書不實責任規範中可能存在之問題,並進一步予以檢討,希冀能藉此使我國證券發行市場相關規範趨於完善。 由於我國證券交易法中諸多規範皆係參照美國1933年證券法以及1934年證券交易法而來,公開說明書之相關規範亦係如此,因此本文以比較研究法方式,先介紹美國1933年證券法第5條、第11條及第12條中有關申報書及公開說明書的規範內容以及美國法院見解,再相應比較我國規範,並同時整理我國法院相關判決,找出我國現行法下實務適用困難或歧異之處,最後將美國法與我國法兩者予以對照比較,並嘗試分析我國日後檢討改進之重點及修法方向。 本文首先從證券市場要求資訊揭露之核心概念—公開原則出發,瞭解公開原則於證券市場的意義、理論基礎、於證券市場中功能為何、公開原則要求的核心要素,再介紹公開原則於證券發行市場中之適用,逐一說明公開說明書作為資訊揭露核心的相關程序規範、公開說明書的種類、應揭載之內容和交付主體,以及違反的法律效果,而後針對公開說明書不實民事責任規範,分別探討適用範圍、客觀要件、賠償義務人及免責抗辯、因果關係、損害賠償範圍等層面,找出我國法院適用上的分歧與困擾,並提出我國現行規範缺漏與不足之處,將美國法以及我國法規範綜合整理與比較,最後提出本文就我國發行市場資訊揭露相關規範之建議,期許我國公開說明書相關規範能朝向更健全的目標發展。
IIntegrated market mechanism of securities is one of the primary goals of the securities exchange act. To reach this goal, the transparency of corporate information becomes significantly important; as such, the prospectus is created. In order to assure the truthfulness of prospectus and avert corporations from incurring losses to investors by disseminating untrue information while financing, well-arranged mechanism of damages is indispensible; however, according to relevant regulations and judgments by courts, it is doubtful whether our primary market is integrated and investors could acquire proper compensation after suffering losses. This thesis focuses on registration statements, prospectuses and corresponding damages for misrepresentation in light of initial public offering. In hopes of constructing an intact primary market, this thesis discusses potential problems and improvements on article 31 and 32 of the securities exchange act. Considering the fact that many provisions including prospectuses of the securities exchange act in Taiwan are based on the securities act of 1933 and securities exchange act of 1934 of the U.S., this thesis begins by introducing article 5, 11 and 12 of the securities act of 1933 and judgments on registration statements and prospectuses, and then compares them with the relevant stipulations and judgments in Taiwan. Finally, this thesis will provide an analysis on the current difficulties and discrepancies among the laws, and suggest potential amendments on the securities exchanges act of Taiwan by referring to regulations in the U.S. To begin with, this thesis describes the meaning, foundation and the function of the principle of full disclosure, and then discusses the types and contents of prospectuses, the person obligated to deliver prospectuses, and the legal effect of its violation. With respect to regulations on the civil liability of misrepresentation in prospectuses, this thesis points out the divergences and difficulties on the application by courts about its scope, elements, the person being liable for damages, reliance, loss causation and amount of damages, and compares them with related provisions in the U.S. Eventually, this thesis seeks to make a few suggestions on disclosure in the primary market, in order to establish a comprehensive regulation that governs prospectuses.