監聽所涉及的人民基本權主要是秘密通訊自由、居住自由及隱私權,是故如何以有效監聽手段 取證,就該等人民基本權又不至過度侵害,此平衡點有賴國家立法者多方考量而作出決定,是以我 國通訊保障及監察法就國家機關所為之監聽明文規範,除了使監聽機關取得法源依據,更重要的目 的即在保障人民基本權。 然而,監聽要件之違反,未必得出所得證據無證據能力之結果,直至103年通訊保障及監察 法,我國就違法監聽方有絕對排除之規定,為就若干違法監聽型態所得證據有無證據能力仍有細究 之必要。再者,私人不法竊聽竊錄取得證據之證據能力判斷上,並無排除之規範依據,本文認為應 曲徑於憲法,由憲法基本權形成之客觀保護義務之概念,探究個別違法態樣有無規範保護不足之情 形,在立法者未明文規範下,應推定無規範保護不足,故私人違法竊聽所得之證據原則上不須排除 。惟於國家機關竊聽之立法上,若立法者若採取絕對排除立法模式之規定,則與私人性質無違之規 定,則應類推適用於私人違法取證。
The issues focus on the infringements of communication surveillance involved the rights of communications in secret and privacy. There is the fundamental rights in the Constitution of the communication secret, privacy, freedom of residence restrictions in our country. The most important problem is “how could we get the balance between the fundamental rights in the Constitution and surveillance”. The telephone communication range of communication channels and space are subject to the right of secret communication protection. As a result, There is the “Communications Protection and Supervision Act” in our country. But the admissibility of evidence by illegal surveillance also appear many problem at the trial. in addition,the admissibility of illegal audio video recording evidence of private criminal behavior. These are the issues that we try to find the appropriate answer.