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  • 學位論文

台灣都會區氣候條件與空氣品質之價值評估-特徵價格法之應用

The Valuation of Climate and Air Quality in Taiwan- An Application of the Hedonic Price Method

指導教授 : 蕭代基
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摘要


本研究利用2008至2011年內政部營建署住宅需求動向調查報告資料,藉由不同房屋之間的異質性,應用特徵價格法,評估氣候條件與空氣品質等特徵屬性的價值。住宅需求動向調查報告調查範圍涵蓋台北、台中、台南高雄三個都會區,台北都會區包括台北市、台北縣、桃園縣、新竹市、新竹縣,台中都會區包括台中市、台中縣,台南高雄都會區包括台南市、台南縣、高雄市、高雄縣。本研究以一月均溫、七月均溫、日均雨量、降雨量全距、懸浮微粒濃度等五個變數做為氣候條件與空氣品質指標,估計台灣都會區氣候條件及空氣品質改變時,每個家計單位平均獲得之效益(或損失)。首先,以配適度最佳之半對數模型估計氣候條件與空氣品質對於住宅成交價格之影響,計算各環境變數之邊際隱含價格。其次,以半對數模型估計家計單位之氣候條件及空氣品質逆需求函數。最後,以此逆需求函數,評估每個家計單位於氣候條件或空氣品質變化下,平均獲得之效益(或損失)。結果發現,當一月均溫上升攝氏0.1度,每個家計單位平均獲得22.21萬元之效益;七月均溫上升攝氏0.1度,每個家計單位平均損失13.87萬元;日均雨量上升0.1毫米/日,每個家計單位平均獲得2.25萬元之效益;降雨量全距上升0.1毫米/日,每個家計單位平均損失2.32萬元;懸浮微粒濃度上升1 μg/m3,每個家計平均單位損失0.79萬元。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to estimate the value of climate conditions and air quality in three Taiwan metropolitan areas using the hedonic price method. The hedonic price method examines the relationship between housing prices and their attributes, especially climate conditions and air quality. In this research, we use the data of the “Housing Demand Survey“ from the Construction and Planning Agency, Ministry of the Interior, R.O.C. The survey covers three major metropolises ─ Taipei, Taichung, Tainan and Kaohsiung. The indicators of climate conditions and air quality we use are average temperatures in January, average temperatures in July, average daily precipitation, range of daily precipitation, and suspended particles (PM10). We using the semi-logarithmic model to estimate the impacts of climate conditions and air quality on housing prices. And then, we calculate the marginal implicit prices of each environment variable. We then estimate inverse demand functions of climatic conditions and air quality using the marginal implicit prices of each environment variable. Finally, we evaluate households’ benefits (or losses) when climate conditions or air quality change. The result shows that, on average, every household will get NT$ 222,100 benefit from a 0.1 degree Celsius higher January temperature and NT$ 22,500 benefit from 0.1 mm/day more average daily precipitation. And every household will suffer NT$ 138,700 loss from a 0.1 degree Celsius higher July temperature, NT$ 23,200 loss from 0.1 mm/day more daily rainfall range, and NT$ 7,900 loss from 1 μg /m3 more PM10.

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