許多研究檢驗影響警察逮捕家庭暴力加害人的因素,研究結果發現嚴重程度、組織因素、加害人與被害人個人因素、警察個人因素,都會影響警察逮捕行為。但是在台灣,警察處理家庭暴力仍然以民事保護令為主,警察很少使用逮捕做為處理家庭暴力的方式。因此,台灣應該有別於國外,針對影響警察運用民事保護令的因素去做探討。然而,保護令的研究大多將焦點放在家庭暴力再犯的預防效果,並沒有針對影響因素做探討。此外,外貌吸引力已經被許多研究證實會影響司法判決,但卻沒有研究檢驗外貌吸引力是否會影響警察的作為。其中在Dion(1987)的研究發現,外貌吸引力與公平世界信仰(Belief in a Just World)有顯著的關聯性,公平世界信仰可以解釋外貌吸引力所產生的刻板印象。因此,本研究希望了解受害者外貌吸引力、警察的公平世界信仰、執法經驗、個案嚴重程度、警察的個案協助態度,是否會影響警察在家庭暴力案件中運用民事保護令的差異。 本研究以實驗法進行,樣本有警察及警專學生,以重複施測的方式檢驗上述因素對於警察運用民事保護令的影響。分析結果發現,受害者外貌吸引力不會影響警察運用民事保護令的差異,僅有個案嚴重程度及執法經驗造成影響。外貌吸引力與公平世界信仰的調節效果僅影響警察個案協助態度。此外也發現施測順序影響外貌吸引力對於個案協助態度及個案嚴重程度的效果。 根據分析結果,本研究認為,應該加強警察對於家庭暴力的認知,應該將家庭暴力視為一般暴力犯罪,用較積極嚴謹的方式處理家庭暴力。另外,警專學生接受家庭暴力案件訓練時應該採用更真實的家庭暴力案件,才能更真實的了解家庭暴力的狀況,做出正確的處理方式。最後,全面提升警察對於民事保護令的理解,才能給予受害者更多的保護。
Numerous domestic violence studies focused on the influence factors on police officers arresting behaviors. These studies found that police organizational characteristics, situational variables, and the characteristics of offenders, victims, and police officers may play important on police officers' arresting behaviors while handling domestic violence cases. Those results may not apply to the police officers in Taiwan. Mandatory arrest policy in Taiwan, and it is rare that arresting the domestic violence offenders. Therefore, civil protection order is the one of the most active strategies when police officers handle domestic violence cases. Unfortunately, most of studies on civil protection orders examined the effects of reducing recidivism, and did not discuss the factors affect police officers using civil protection orders. Besides, some research examined the effects of victims' physical attractiveness on court decision making and other criminal justice system, but none studies paid attention on police officers handling domestic violence cases. Dion's (1987) study examined the relationship between physical attractiveness and belief in a just world theory. They found belief in a just world can be used to explain stereotype of physical attractiveness. The current study is aimed to investigate the relationship between police officers using civil protection orders and officers' attitude, experience, and victims' physical attractiveness. The results indicate that the victims' physical attractiveness does not affect how officers use civil protection orders. On the other hand, the severity of domestic violence and officers' attitudes do affect officers. The effects of victims' physical attractiveness on officers' attitudes are moderated by officers' belief in just world. Finally, victims' physical attractiveness affects severity of domestic violence and officers' attitudes depending on order of the cases presented. Several suggestion are given based on the results of the current study. First, police officers should treat domestic violence and other violence crime equally. Second, the real domestic violence cases should be used on the training of police officers in order to have the positive attitudes toward victims. Third, the officers have familiar with the regulations about civil protection order.