- 學位論文
國民中學校園內學生間暴力事件歷程
The Process and Structure of Student Violent Incidents in the Junior High School.
摘要
校園暴力事件的發生，在國民中學的校園內屢見不鮮。校園暴力一直是學校面臨的重大問題， 但學校往往因為害怕校譽受損而在小衝突上息事寧人或姑息，較嚴重的暴力交由教官或少年警察處 理，對校園暴力的預防似乎停留在口號，而缺乏積極的行動。然而以往對於校園暴力事件的研究多 半僅侷限在將校園暴力的解釋簡單化約成為個人的動機或是情境因素，但是這些解釋卻無法針對校 園暴力事件產生有效的預防策略，因此為了發展有效的校園暴力預防對策，本研究以暴力事件的角度來討論校園暴力事件；為了能有效發展風險評估的機制，在研究中亦重新以「少年」的觀點、少年每天面臨的壓力、少年的社會互動等面向來瞭解校園暴力；唯有瞭解暴力對少年的意義以及他們如何發展「暴力腳本」，才能真正達到預防暴力發生與暴力升級的目標。 本研究以暴力事件觀點以及型態理論為理論基礎，從與少年們訪談結果所獲得的資料中，所得研究發現如下： 壹、 中學校園中嚴重暴力通常起源於未經妥適處理的糾紛以及共犯的推波助瀾 貳、 加害人、共犯與被害人有著相似的社會結構因素與較弱的家庭與學校依附 參、 加害人當中有嚴重的社會適應問題者以及較輕微的衝動行事者之分 肆、 加害人對暴力事件多有正面評價並用以自我保護、提升在同儕間價值地位與名望 伍、 對加害人而言，暴力事件有工具性與表達性的涵意；而對共同加害人而言，暴力事件大多屬於工具性的暴力 陸、 暴力事件中常見同儕扮演支援的第三者而少見協助解決問題的第三者 柒、 不同類型的威脅行為意味著暴力行動是否真正被實行或是被升級 而根據上述之研究發現，本研究提出下列數點建議： 壹、 對學校的建議 1. 對於微小的衝突亦要進行正面介入或採用調解的方式減少雙方心結。 2. 嘗試在校園內進行修復式正義模式。 3. 矯正校園內崇拜暴力偶像的風氣。 4. 鼓勵以暴力吸引眾人注意力之少年轉而發揮其他長才。 5. 教導少年們社會認知與判斷的能力，並培養其尋求替代的解決問題之方法。 6. 發展威脅評估指標，謹慎處理可能造成暴力行為的威脅。 貳、 對少年的建議 1. 培養多方的興趣，以找出可以大展長才的舞台。 2. 養成良好的思考能力，以提出替代性的問題解決方案。 3. 學習情緒控制的藝術，避免因一時衝動鑄下大錯。 4. 建立危機意識，對於可能不安全的時間或是地點能夠儘量避免。
並列摘要
The campus violence always is the major issue which the school faces. But school often because of fearing to school reputation suffers injury but settles a quarrel and make peace with the parties involved in the small conflict. Besides , A more serious violence hands over by the drillmaster or the young police. The unit concerned pauses as if to the campus violence prevention in the slogan, but lacks the positive motion. However formerly mostly only limited regarding the campus violence research the campus violence explanation simplification for individual motive or the situation factor, but these explanations actually is unable in view of the violence in campus to have the effective prevention strategy. Therefore in order to develop the effective campus violence prevention countermeasure, this research discusses the campus violence by the violence angle. In order to effectively develop the risk assessment mechanism, in this research also understands the campus violence by "youth" the viewpoint, the youth face every day the pressure, youth's social interaction and so on. How only has the understanding violence as well as they develops "the violence script" to youth's significance, can truly achieve the goal of preventing violence. This research take the violence viewpoint as well as condition the theory as the rationale, from in material which talk with the youths , the obtained research discovery is as follows： 1. The serious violence in the junior high school campus usually origins from not after well-deal in the dispute processing as well as accomplice's adding fuel to the flames. 2. The injures, the accomplice and the victim have the similar social structure factor and a weaker family and the school attachment. 3. Some of the injures have the serious question to adapt the society as well as the slighter impulse conduct. 4. The most injures have the frontage appraisal to the violence and to use to protect themself, and promotion the value status and fame in the same generation. 5. Speaking of the injures , the violence has the tool and the expression contains ; But speaking of the together injures , the violence belongs to the tool violence. 6. In the violence,the third party commonly play the support role, but rarely assists to solve the question. 7. The different type threats means the violence is implemented or not. According to the above research discovery, this research has some suggestions under proposed enumerate: 1. Suggestion to school： （1）School must carry on the frontage involvement regarding the small conflict or use the mediation the way to reduce the bilateral heart knot. （2）Attempts to carries on the restorative justic in the campus. （3）Rectifies the atmosphere to worship the violence idol in the campus. （4）Encouragement the violence youth of the numerous people attention to transfer displays other long talents.（5）Teach the youths society cognition and the judgement ability, and raises it to seek the substitution method of the solution question. （6）Develope threats appraisal target, discrete processing possibly threat which may create the violence behavior. 2. Suggestion to youth： （1）The raise in every way interest, discovers may show in the stage. （2）Fosters the good ponder ability, proposes the vicarious question solution. （3）Studies mood control , avoids a while impulse casts is greatly wrong. （4）Establishments crises realize, to avoid as far as possible regarding possibly the unsafe time perhaps the place.