從二次大戰結束以來,瑞典反歧視法歷經了一個整合的過程,其法規由數部法律形成的散法整合為單一法規,其監督機關則從數個不同主管機關整合為單一監督機關。於此發展過程中,整合後反歧視法所含括之歧視理由與適用生活領域範圍、兩者間之適用關係,以及整合後之反歧視監督機關是否有處理複數歧視個案之能力,皆相當值得現行仍處於散法形式,並存在「各歧視理由受保障之生活領域不一」及「整體保障範圍不足」問題之我國參考借鏡。本文期以該國反歧視法制之系統性介紹為基石,於檢視比較我國相關法制現行缺失後,提出我國未來法律面與監督審查機制面整合與演化之方向建議。為達前述目的,本文採比較法研究之方式,說明瑞典反歧視法制之演進過程、實體法規定、監督機制架構及申訴程序,再就我國現行法制整理歧視理由與生活領域之保護範圍,及我國相關監督/申訴審查組織之權限範圍,彙整比較出我國現行法制之不足。最後,再就前述我國法制之不足,參照瑞典法制之精神並融合筆者之構想,提出以形式隸屬於國家人權委員會下之整合性獨立反歧視機關,依整合後反歧視法處理各類歧視事件,以作為未來我國反歧視法制建置之參考。
Since the World War II, the Swedish anti-discrimination legal system has evolved from plural laws to one “Discrimination Act” and from plural supervisory institutions to an integrated one. This thesis argues that this evolution process, including expanding the range of the discrimination grounds and its applied areas in one integrated anti-discrimination act, as well as the establishing an integrated and independent anti-discrimination disputes and complain mechanism, will be an excellent reference for Taiwan’s anti-discrimination legal system. After examining the drawbacks of Taiwan’s current anti-discrimination legal system and mechanism, this thesis purports to propose policy suggestions based on the reference and analysis of the Swedish anti-discrimination legal system and its complain mechanism. In order to achieve the said purpose, this thesis explores the evolution process, the law, the framework of the supervisory institutions, and the appellate procedure of the Swedish anti-discrimination legal system. Secondly, this thesis analyzes the current scattered anti-discrimination laws in Taiwan, reviewing their related discrimination grounds/applied areas and the authority of the related supervisory investigating institutions and lays out the shortcomings of the scattered system. Finally, this thesis proposes to enact an integrated Anti-discrimination Act and create an integrated and independent anti-discrimination institution in Taiwan, which will be established under the National Human Rights Institution. The introduction of the Swedish anti-discrimination legal system as well as the policy proposal of this thesis may broaden the view of current public discussion on this issue and hopefully provide research reference for future legislation.