社會役役男主體經驗之探究

A Study on Social Substitute Servicemen’s Subjective Experience

吳沐霖(MU-LIN WU)

指導教授 ： 張菁芬

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/社會工作學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

自我國替代役制度實施以來，社會役人力的參與以及投入已經為社會福利體系的運作帶來不少影響，然而國內關於社會役的研究為數不多，且涉及社會役役男主體經驗的探究多為十幾年前的研究。本研究嘗試從投入社福領域之社會役役男的觀點出發，主要探討兩個研究問題：一、社會役役男在服役期間與服勤單位的服務對象、員工以及同儕產生交集時，會從他們身上看到什麼？對於所遇到的議題會有什麼樣的應對之道？二、社會役役男在服役時的各種「看見」，對於役男自身的價值觀或態度會有什麼樣的影響或改變？
本研究以社會役役男為主體，運用質性研究法對七位皆畢業自社工相關科系、曾經於老人或身心障礙機構服社會役的青年男性進行訪談。研究發現，社會役役男於服役時所學習的應對技巧和服務能力，使得這群青年在真正成為社會新鮮人前，能事先熟悉職場上的生態和潛規則，並更加懂得如何與人相處和來往。而役男在服役時不僅會對所接觸到的各種人、事抱持許多自己的看法、意見和評價，這些經驗也為役男自身帶來了諸多的感動、省思和警惕，甚至是價值觀上的衝擊。
研究亦發現，因為曾經接受過社會工作專業教育，在本研究中的受訪者於服役時，會嘗試以「助人工作者」的角色投入服務。社會役役男在服役時對於自身的期許和「使命感」，不僅為社福機構增添不少服務能量，更為自己帶來預期之外的收穫以及學習。

關鍵字

替代役 ； 社會役役男 ； 助人工作者

並列摘要

Since the implementation of substitute military service in Taiwan, the input of social services manpower has already brought considerable impacts on the operation of the social welfare system, and yet, very little research has been done in Taiwan regarding social services. This study attempts mainly to explore two research questions from the perspective of social substitute servicemen: 1. when interacting with the target groups, staff, and peers of the service units during their service period, what do the servicemen see from these people? How do they respond to the issues they encounter? 2. What impacts or changes do the various things the servicemen “see” during their service period make on their values or attitudes?
This study took the social substitute servicemen as its subject, using qualitative research methods to conduct interviews with seven young men who graduated from social work departments and served in organizations for the elderly or those with mental or physical disabilities. This study found that the coping skills and ability to serve that the servicemen developed during their service period familiarized them in advance with the situations in future workplaces, and gave them a greater understanding of how to get along and interact with people. During their service period, the servicemen not only held their own views and evaluation of the various kinds of people and issues they encountered, but were also moved, inspired and alerted by such experiences, which even challenged their values.
This study also revealed that as they already received professional training in social work, during their service period, the interviewees of this study attempted to perform their service in the role of “helpers.” The social substitute servicemen’ self-expectations and sense of mission not only increased the service capacities of the social welfare organizations, but also brought the servicemen themselves rewards and learning beyond their expectation.

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