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  • 學位論文

嘉義光興閣鄭武雄《大俠百草翁-鬼谷子一生傳》之研究

A Study on Performance Text of the “Kuí-Kok-Tsú” by Guang-Xing-Ge Puppet Show Troupe in Chiayi

指導教授 : 林鋒雄 王國良
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摘要


本文研究目的,為探索鄭武雄所演《大俠百草翁──鬼谷子一生傳》的戲劇創作元素。   《大俠百草翁》是臺灣布袋戲史上極富盛名的金光戲齣,此劇由新興閣二團鍾任壁(1932-)在 1953年首演,隨即風靡各地的商業劇場。鄭武雄(1937-2011)自1952年進入新興閣學藝後,曾 任二團助演及三團主演的工作,故得以掌握該劇的表演菁華,且為其演藝生涯打下深厚的根基。   1962年,鄭武雄正式成立嘉義光興閣,其戲齣創作以《大俠百草翁》為基礎再做延伸,相續 發展出鬼谷子、天下敢死俠及劉伯溫等角色故事,逐步完成獨家代表作《鬼谷子》,主要巡演於中 部商業劇場;自1978至1985年間,鄭武雄重新串聯整編過去所演,以《大俠百草翁──鬼谷子 一生傳》為劇名,四度北上萬華佳樂戲院商演,共計374集,演出期間更以盤式磁帶做現場錄音 ,遂留下約748小時的內臺實況錄音檔,是目前關於《大俠百草翁》在內臺演出實況的相關作品中 ,僅見的戲劇有聲史料。   是故,本文以1978年的內臺錄音檔為研究範圍,先用臺語書寫方式將之轉為文本後,再從三 方面來探究《大俠百草翁──鬼谷子一生傳》的戲劇表現:首先釐清鄭武雄的演藝生涯與劇本形 成的脈絡,並將劇團留存的大量演出紀錄,整理成演藝年表,以呈現其創作歷程。第二部分則聚 焦於劇情結構的探析,筆者以「開幕、設局、尾幕」三段落形式來整理各集劇情概述,試圖呈現 內臺戲的戲劇節奏;而後將劇情發展分為六大階段,從中分析情節脈絡與敘事主題,以探究鄭武 雄的編劇概念。第三部分則透過情節內容,探討百草翁、敢死俠、鬼谷子及空空子等核心人物的 形象,藉此理解鄭武雄如何塑造人物的戲劇張力。經由上述探討,本文發現鄭武雄極善用「人性」 元素來架構衝突情節,且人物性格皆已擺脫傳統戲曲人物的類型化,而具有個體意識與行動選擇 權,不單使劇情發展能更複雜,也使情節更貼近觀眾心裡,進而達到認同與期待,這正是內臺戲 得以吸引觀眾持續購票觀賞的原因。   藉由嘉義光興閣鄭武雄《大俠百草翁──鬼谷子一生傳》的有聲史料探究,除了彰顯鄭武雄 近半世紀來的演藝成就,也讓我們能清楚理解內臺戲的戲劇魅力,更對內臺名劇《大俠百草翁》 的戲劇研究,提供開創性的貢獻。筆者期望透過本研究,能使臺灣布袋戲發展史的建構更為完整。

關鍵字

鄭武雄 光興閣 百草翁 鬼谷子 內臺

並列摘要


This essay aims to provide an in-depth analysis on the oral script of ”Kuí-kok-tsú” (Guiguzi in Mandarin) by Chiayi Guang-Xing-Ge Puppet Show Troupe, for the purpose not only to extend the study of its original “Tāi-kiap Pik-tshó-ong,” but also to profile the accomplishment of adaptor, Zheng, Wu-Xiong in the context of historical development of Taiwan Glove Puppet show. “Kuí-kok-tsú” is Zheng’s adaptation of well-known Taiwan Glove Puppet show “Tāi-kiap Pik-tshó-ong”, which was widely performed by Hsin-Hsing-Ku Puppet Show second Troupe in 1950s. Zheng has joined Hsin-Hsing-Ku Puppet Show second Troupe before founding the Chiayi Guang-Xing-Ge Puppet Show Troupe in 1962. Based on the foundation of “Tāi-kiap Pik-tshó-ong”, Zheng leveraged his experiences gradually developing stories of several characters e.g. Kuí-kok-tsú, Thian-hā-kám-sú-kiap, and Lâu-phik-un and eventually finished the exclusive play “Kuí-kok-tsú” ,which was later widely performed and welcome in central and southern Taiwan. In particular, during Year 1978 – 1985, Zheng compiled and refined the play scripts of all versions of “Kuí-kok-tsú” he had ever performed and gave performances up to four times at Taipei Jiale Theater. There were 374 episodes (around 748-hour-long) in total and all were recorded by direct-to-disc recording, which later becomes the only existing audio historical materials for all “Tāi-kiap Pik-tshó-ong”-related performance at commercial theaters. The scope of study therefore focuses on the recordings of performance in 1978. The essay attempts to analyze the presentation from three perspectives: firstly, the development of play “Kuí-kok-tsú,” which was highly related to Zheng’s career in Taiwan Glove Puppet; secondly, the structure and motif of the story, as further to understand underlying concepts by Zheng; thirdly, the core characters (i.e. Pik-tshó-ong, Khong- khong- tsú, kám-sú-kiap and Kuí-kok-tsú) and how Zheng made use of them to enhance the expression of the play. “Tāi-kiap Pik-tshó-ong” plays an important role in the development of Taiwan Glove Puppet show. Through examining its famous adaption “Kuí-kok-tsú,” the essay wishes to highlight Zheng’s half-century achievement and to make contribution to the field of Taiwan Glove Puppet study.

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