台中市居家照顧服務員專業認同之探討

The Study on Professional Identification of Home Care Workers in Taichung City.

王昱婷(Yu-Ting Wang)

指導教授 ： 曾煥裕

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/社會工作學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

因應人口老化與少子化趨勢，照顧相關議題漸受重視。政府近年來透過長期照顧服務的實施，以減減緩家庭照顧的壓力，並促進老人和身心障礙者得以在熟悉的環境中獲得最適的照顧。因此，居家式的照顧服務已是政策發展上重要的方針。然而，隨著居家服務使用需求的攀升，有品質的服務提供最重重要的關鍵角色是第一線直接提供服務的「居家照顧服務員」，但居家照顧服務員對服務的認同與瞭解程度為何卻鮮少受關注和重視。因此本研究參考過去相關研究發現，形成本研究架構，旨在探討居家照顧服務員個人背景變項與專業認同的關聯性。

本研究採量化統計分析分法，運用SPSS 12.0版套裝軟體進行分析，以台中市居家照顧服務員為研究對象，透過立意抽樣共發放450份問卷，有效問卷回收率為61.6%。經資料整理與分析後，得到下列幾項主要的結論與發現：

一、 台中市居家照顧服務員以高中職學歷、已婚的中高齡女性居多。大部份台中市居家照顧服務員主要服務動機為「補貼家用」、「可兼顧家庭」、「學習照顧知識與技巧」。平均服務年資約3年8個月、薪資最多介於15,001~25,000元、平均服務案量為6案，並有7成以上領有照顧服務員單一級證照。

二、 台中市居家照顧服務員在「專業角色的認同」程度最高，其次分別為「專業意識型態的認同」「專業行為的認同」、「專業投入的認同」、「專業理念架構的認同」。

三、 在「性別」、「教育程度、「受僱單位」、「薪資」、「服務動機」上，對專業認同各構面或整體上有顯著影響，表示上述個人背景變項的不同對專業認同有差異存在。並且，年齡與專業認同間具有顯著正相關。

四、 個人背景變項對專業認同的預測解釋量為30.3%。

依據上述研究結果發現，以提出相關建議，藉此提升居家照顧服務員專業認同之程度，進而對服務品質上有所貢獻，以提升持續服務的動力和促進服務的穩定。最後，闡述本研究限制與未來研究建議。

關鍵字

居家服務 ； 居家照顧服務員 ； 專業認同

並列摘要

Due to the trend of population ageing and low fertility, relative issues of care is more and more important. The government reduces the pressure on home care through practicing long-term care service in recent years, also helps the disabled and elder require the most appropriate care in their familiar environments. Therefore, home care service becomes the important guideline on policy development. However, as the demand of home care service is rising, the most important key role on qualified home care service is home care workers, who provide the direct service in the first line, but why people care less about home care workers’ identification and understanding on home care service. Hence, this study referred to the past researches, formed this study’s framework, aiming to discuss the connection of home care works’ personal background and professional identification.
The research method is quantitative statistics analysis. The investigating data was analyzed by SPSS 12.0 and the targets were the home care workers in Taichung City. The samples were decided to be proceeding by purpose sampling. There are 450 questionnaires, the response rate is 61.6％. According to the data arrangement and analysis, we got the following conclusions and findings:
I. The majority of home care workers in Taichung City are high school degrees, married and high-aged women. The main motivations for home care workers are “subsidizing family expense”, " taking care of the family at the same time”,” learning the skills and knowledge of care”. The average service seniority is about 3 years and 8 months, the salary is 15,001 to 25,000, the average amount of service cases is 6, and there are 70% of home care workers got home care license.
II. In Taichung City, home care workers’ degree on “identification of professional role” is the highest, the next are “identification of professional ideology”, “identification of professional behavior”, “identification of professional engagement” and “identification of professional conceptual framework”.
III. On “gender”, “education”, “hired-department”, “income” and “service motivation”, there is significant influence on each perspective of professional identification or overall, which means that the above personal background’s variations have different professional identification. And significant positive correlation between age and professional identification.
IV. Personal background affects professional identification on variance explained is 30.3%.

According to the above result to propose the relative recommendations, hereby promoting home care workers’ degree of professional identification, moreover, giving their contribution on service quality, boosting the power of continued service and advancing the stable service. Finally, expounding this study’s limitations and suggestions for the future research.

並列關鍵字

home care service ； home care worker, professional identification

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