- 學位論文
貿易開放對政府規模影響之實證研究
The Effect of Trade Openness on the Size of Government: An Empirical Study
摘要
近來有許多文獻指出，在全球化下的開放經濟體系趨勢下，政府的支出規模確實會深深 的受到影響。探討此議題的文獻主要環繞在兩個假說，一個是認為政府的支出規模應該會隨 著全球化的投入與發展而變小的效率假說(Efficiency Hypothesis )，另一個則是與其相反，認 為政府支出規模應該會變大的補償假說(Compensation Hypothesis)。本文則是針對台灣還有 幾個鄰近的東亞國家包括中國、日本、南韓、香港以及新加坡來做實證分析，探討政府最終 消費支出占GDP 的比率與進出口總額占GDP 比率之間的關係，結果發現效率假說與補償假 說在不同的國家會分別得到支持，而這其中的差別可能來自於各國的經濟、政治和社會發展 背景。 另一方面，本研究除了針對總政府支出外，也對台灣的社會福利支出做分析。因為過去 文獻認為，全球化雖然主張讓市場自由操作，政府應該減少介入干預，但是這樣的做法往往 會使市場上某一群人將遭受損害，因此政府基於對這些受到損害的人提供補償，而應該主動 的增加公共支出，尤其是在社會福利與保險上。而針對台灣的分析，本研究也得到了與總支 出不同的結果，在總支出方面，台灣是傾向支持效率假說，但是改從社會福利的觀點，補償 假說確實也得到了支持。應證了過去文獻上所提及的，政府會增加社會福利支出來減緩全球 化所帶給市場的危害。
並列摘要
Recently a number of studies have pointed out that globalization has significant impacts on the public expenditure. There are two related hypotheses: one is “efficiency hypothesis,” which states that government's expenditure decreases with the extent of globalization. The other one is the “compensation hypothesis,” which states that globalization raises the level of public expenditure. In this article, we aim at Taiwan, and also including China, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong as well as Singapore. By making the empirical analysis to discussion the relationship between government expenditure size and openness, we find that the efficiency hypothesis and compensation hypothesis will have the support separately in the different countries, but the difference may possibly come from various countries' economy, political and the social development background. In addition to the total government expenditures, we also investigate Taiwan's welfare expenditure. We find that, the evidence on total expenditure is consistent with the efficiency hypothesis, whereas the social welfare expenditure confirms the compensation hypothesis.