景氣波動對台灣地區健康水準的影響

The influence of business fluctuation on health standards in Taiwan.

王星硯(XING-YAN WANG)

指導教授 ： 陳俊志

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/經濟學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

台灣在這幾十年來的經濟成長、環境衛生的改善、醫療及生活水準的提升、現今主要死因也跟早期有所不同。景氣的波動也對國民的健康水準造成影響。
本研究實證資料採民國91年至101年衛福部「死因統計資料庫」、經濟部統計處「經濟統計指標」、內政部「內政統計年報」與中華民國統計資訊網「縣市重要統計指標」建構出20個縣市失業率、國民所得及各種疾病的長期追蹤資料（panel data），並利用固定效果模型分析景氣波動對於台灣國民健康水準的影響。
在控制各縣市的特徵變數及時間效果後，實證結果發現失業率對於青壯年族群的死亡率影響最大。個人可支配所得對65歲以上的族群的影響超過其他族群，以及對事故傷害上的影響對中壯年族群及老年族群影響最大。工廠倒閉數的影響對女性的影響比男性還大，其中又以中壯年女性影響最大。顯示出景氣波動對各年齡層性別的影響皆有不同。

關鍵字

固定效果模型 ； 死亡率 ； 工廠倒閉數 ； 失業率

並列摘要

Owing to the economic growth and the improvement of the general sanitation and the medical and living standards, the causes of death have also changed. Therefore, the fluctuations in the economy have an impact on the health standards of the citizens.

In this study, we examined the death statistics database from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the economic statistical indicator from the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Economic Affair, and the statistical yearbook of interior affair from the Ministry of the Interior, and the cities and counties’ important statistical indicators from National Statistics. R.O.C. from 2002 to 2012 to construct the unemployment rate in 20 cities and counties, national income and various diseases’ panel data. We also use fixed effect model to analyze how the fluctuations in the economy influence the health standards of the citizens.

After controlling each city and county’s characteristic variables and time effects, we found that the unemployment rate has the biggest impact on the young adult in the mortality rate. The personal disposable income has a largest impact on the group of the age over 65. The accidental injury has a greatest impact on the middle-aged group and the elderly group. The factory closing has a hugest impact on the female. Among the female, those who are in their middle age have the biggest impact on it. The results show that the fluctuation in the economy affect differently in every age and gender.

並列關鍵字

mortality ； The number of factory closures ； unemployment ； fixed effect model

參考文獻

林慧蘭 (2011) ，「台灣地區失業率與國民健康的關聯」，台北大學經濟學系碩

Brenner, M. H. (1971) , “Economic Changes and Heart Disease Mortality ,”American

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