- 學位論文
健身休閒產業財務危機之個案研究
Case Studies on Financial Crisis of the Fitness and Leisure Industry
摘要
正當政府將運動休閒產業列為國家經濟發展重要一環，且運動人口也在增加中時，國內最大二家連鎖健身休閒俱樂部佳姿及亞力山大卻在最近四年內先後爆發財務危機，無預警歇業，造成一、二十萬會員權益受損。本研究的主要目的希望藉由個案研究方式，探討國內二大健身休閒俱樂部佳姿及亞力山大財務危機發生原因及其影響，並針對健身休閒業者、政府主管機關、金融機構及消費者提出建議。本研究有關佳姿及亞力山大發生財務危機主要原因獲致之結論如次： 一、整體環境面：一為經濟不景氣，消費力減弱；二為雙卡風暴，銀行對消費金融政策轉為保守；三為台灣運動人口少，競爭者眾，利潤被瓜分。 二、經營面：一為家族企業，缺乏公司治理；二為採積極成長策略及直營模式，公司資金壓力重。 三、財務面：一為未有大股東合夥，財務結構不健全；二為欠缺專業財務規劃能力；三為會員預收款項未做信託；四為經營成本過高，投資回收慢。 依據研究結論，提出建議如次： 一、健身休閒業者：針對財務規劃提供建議：一為調整收費方式為月繳；二為謹慎做好投資評估及財務規劃；三為定期做財務分析；四為加入法人投資機構。 二、體委會：建議應比照殯葬業及觀光業，擬定健身中心及體育場館管理條例，以強化管理效力。 三、金融機構：建議金融機構提供遞延性商品或服務之特約商店信貸分期、信用卡分期及信用卡收單服務時，應建立一套風險控管機制，以降低風險。 四、消費者：購買預付(遞延)型商品或服務時，應注意業者是否依據法令規範承作履約保證，且盡量採月繳方式，並以信用卡支付，且記得保留完整合約相關證明文件，如遇業者經營不善倒閉，才可向發卡銀行主張列為爭議款項。
並列摘要
While the Government regards the sports and leisure industry as an important part to the nation's economic development, and the population involved in this industry is on the rise, in the last four years, however, two of the largest chains of fitness clubs in Taiwan: Youth Camp Health Group and Alexander Group were in financial crisis and went out of business that affected nearly 200,000 club members and their rights to use the facilities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes and effects of the failures of these two large fitness and leisure clubs, and therefore to make recommendations for the fitness and leisure industry, the government authorities, financial institutions and consumers. The main conclusions from the present study are as follow: 1.Macroeconomics: the downturn of the nation’s economy; the negative impact of the “double-card debt crisis” to the financial market in Taiwan causing more conservative financial policies toward consumer banking; high competition and low profit margin in the market. 2.Management: the lack of corporate governance in family businesses; pressures from financial leverage due to fast expansions through direct modeling. 3.Finance: weak shareholder structure and lacking sound financial infrastructure; lack of professional financial planning; poor management on advance payments; high operating costs and slow return on investments. Based on the research findings, we make the following recommendations: 1.To the fitness and leisure industry for the financial planning: to adjust payments based on a monthly basis; to prudently assess investment projects and financial planning; to conduct financial analysis on a regular basis; to join the institutional investors. 2.To the Sports Affairs Council of the Executive Yuan: similar to those in the funeral industry and the tourism industry, proper policies and regulations should be established to regulate the fitness centers and sports venues and to strengthen the effectiveness of management. 3.To financial institutions: to establish risk control mechanism to reduce risk for the financial institutions that provide goods or services to the merchants with deferred credit phases. 4.To consumers: to be cautious when purchasing any prepaid (deferred) type of goods or services from the merchants. To be aware if the merchants follow the regulations; to make payments on a monthly basis to the merchants. When making payments on the credit cards, to make sure to keep all the related documents and receipts to prevent the merchants from going out of business or from breaching the contracts, just in case of any dispute in the future.