燃料電漿轉換器之設計參數影響研究

Effects of design parameters on the performance of plasma fuel converter

鍾金良(Chin-Liang Chung)

指導教授 ： 洪榮芳

崑山科技大學/工程學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2005.00037

摘要

本研究設計一組脈衝式燃料電漿轉換器，針對各項影響氫氣產出之參數進行研究。研究方法為以脈衝火花放電方式產生電弧，使碳氫燃料與空氣混合物離子化，並產生部分氧化以產出富氫氣體。
研究之系統包括燃料電漿轉換器、燃料及空氣供應系統、磁場控制系統、數據擷取系統以及量測分析系統等。燃料電漿轉換器包括訊號產生器、感應線圈及跳火電極、反應室、產出氣體收集室；燃料及空氣供應系統包括鋼瓶氣體、氣體流量計及噴嘴等；量測分析系統包括氣相色層分析儀(GC)、掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、微拉曼光譜分析儀、示波器、電流勾錶等。實驗參數包括O/C比(0.10~0.50)、電弧頻率(57~200Hz)、反應通道內徑(5~20mm)、燃料進料流率(30~200mL/min)、系統操作時間(5~30min)等。
由實驗結果得知，適當的反應通道尺寸，可增加氫氣產出濃度，而反應通道內徑為10mm者，可得到較佳之氫氣產出濃度。而在相同的甲烷進料率下，較低的O/C比會有較高的氫氣產出濃度及莫耳流率。隨著甲烷進料率的增加，氫氣的產出濃度會降低而莫耳流率會上升。電極表面之積碳會隨系統操作時間增長而增厚，進而使得甲烷轉化效率與氫氣產出濃度降低。此外，進料採用渦流方式，可提高氫氣產出濃度與莫耳流率。氣體於反應通道內駐留時間越長，氫氣產出濃度越高。整體而言，本研究系統在最佳之參數設定下，氫氣產出濃度最高可達48 Vol%、氫氣產出莫耳流率高可達2.9mmol/min，甲烷轉化效率最高約可達66%。

關鍵字

富氫氣體 ； 燃料電漿轉換器 ； 甲烷

並列摘要

This study is to design a plasma fuel converter and to investigate the effects of design parameters on the performance of this apparatus. The methodology is using a high voltage electric arc generator to ionize the hydrocarbon fuel and air mixture. The ionized gas is reformed into the hydrogen-rich gas.
The system equipment included a plasma fuel converter, a fuel and air supply system, a magnetic control system, a data acquisition system and a measuring system. The experimental parameters include O/C ratio (0.10~0.50), fuel feeding rate (30 mL/min~200mL/min), arc frequency (57Hz~200Hz), reaction chamber diameter (5mm~20mm) and system operation time (5min~30min).
The results showed that higher concentration and production rate of hydrogen were obtained with lower O/C ratio and a suitable diameter of reaction chamber. The best concentration was obtained with 10mm of reaction chamber diameter. It also showed the carbon deposit growth with operation time on the electrodes, when the deposit grew, the hydrogen production and methane conversion decreased. Furthermore, adopting mixture feeding swirl can improve hydrogen production and methane conversion. As a whole, the best hydrogen concentration and production rate was 48Vol% and 2.9 mmol/min, and 66% methane conversion efficiency by this system.

並列關鍵字

hydrogen-rich gas ； plasma fuel converter ； methane

參考文獻

[8] 施宏杰，“火花放電之電漿反應對於甲烷產出氫氣之特性研究” 碩士論文，崑山科技大學機械工程系，民國93年。

[7] D.R. Cohn, A. Rabinovich, C.H. Titus and L. Bromberg, “Near-term possibilities for extremely low emission vehicles using onboard plasmatron generation of hydrogen,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 22, No. 7, 1997, pp. 715-723.

[9] 黃曉鳳，“微波電漿應用於甲烷重組之研究”，碩士論文，中原大學化學工程系，民國90年。

[10] L. Bromberg, D.R. Cohn, A. Rabinovich and N. Alexeev, “Plasma catalytic reforming of methane,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 24, 1999, pp. 1131-1137.

[11] S.Yao, A. Nakayama, and E. Suzuki, “Acetylene and hydrogen from pulsed plasma conversion of methane,” Catalysis Today, Vol. 71, 2001, pp. 219-223.