應用單晶片PIC16F877 於三相感應馬達開迴路 速度控制之研究

Open-Loop Speed Control of Three-Phase Induction Motor Using Single-Chip PIC16F877

陳東進(Tung-Jenn Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃昭明

崑山科技大學/工程學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本論文結合單晶片微處理器PIC16F877 及LabVIEW 程式軟體進行三相感應馬達之開迴路速度驅動與監控。傳統三相感應馬達速度控制方法概分為向量控制和純量控制，前者具有較佳的控制性能，但繁雜的數學模式卻常令系統設計人員望之卻步。因此在不苛求控制系統穩定的場合，純量控制形成系統設計人員的另一種選擇。 以單晶片為基礎的馬達驅動控制具有低成本與硬體架構簡單的優點，因此已逐漸取代傳統馬達驅動控制，成為業界的新主流。本論文所提出的方法，主要以單晶片微處理器為核心，利用其產生三相PWM 波形以驅動由功率開關元件IGBT 組成的全橋式變頻電路，完成三相感應馬達之開迴路「定V/f 比」分段速度控制。 另外，在考慮使用者的方便性及易於維護條件下，本論文再結合PLC 與LabVIEW 程式軟體建構一擬人化的人機介面，完成馬達之圖形監控系統，以方便使用者進行馬達操作與監控。

關鍵字

純量控制 ； 脈波寬度調變 ； 單晶片微處理器 ； 向量控制

並列摘要

This thesis develops a combination of single-chip microprocessor PIC16F877 and LabVIEW software to the open-loop speed drive and monitoring of three-phase induction motor. The traditional method of speed control for three- phase induction motor contains vector control and scalar control. The former has better control performance. But the complicated mathematics model of this method often makes the system designer to halt in hesitation. Therefore, the scalar control has come into being another option for the system designer in which the control system is not severely requested to be stable.
The motor drive and control based on single-chip microprocessor has the advantages of lower cost and simpler structure that it has gradually substituted for the traditional motor drive and control and has come into being the new tendency of industry.
The proposed method of this thesis utilizes the single-chip microprocessor to generate the three-phase PWM wave in order to drive the full-bridge inverter circuit composed of power switch component IGBTs, and it then achieves the open-loop speed control of three-phase induction motor with “constant V/f ratio”.
In addition, this thesis also combines the PLC and LabVIEW software to construct the man-machine interface under the conditions of considering the convenience and maintenance for the users. The monitoring system of the motor has then been finished in order to assist the users in operating and monitoring the motor.

並列關鍵字

vector ； scalar control ； pulse width modulation ； single-chip microprocessor

參考文獻

[3]K. Koga, R. Ueda and T. Sonoda, ”Constitution of V/f Control for Reducing the Steady-State Speed Error to Zero in Induction Motor Drive System,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 28, No.2, March-April 1992, pp. 463 – 471.

[5]B. B. Lazhar, “Improvement of the Stability of the V/F Controlled Induction Motor Driver System” Proceedings of 24th Annual Conference

[6]M. G. Alfredo, A. L. Thomas and W. N. Donald, “A New Induction Motor V/F Control Method Capable of High-Performance Regulation at Low

[7]G. Roy and G. E. April, “Direct Frequency Changer Operation Under a New Scalar Control Algorithm,” IEEE Transactions on Industry

[8]C. C. Wang and C. H. Fang , “Sensorless Scalar-Controlled Induction Motor Drives With Modified Flux Observer,” IEEE Transactions on