- 學位論文
南台灣大氣中多溴聯苯醚之特徵
Characteristics of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the air of southern Taiwan
摘要
多溴聯苯醚（Polybrominated diphenyl ethers，PBDEs）是目前已知的有害空氣污染物（Hazardous air pollutants，HAPs），因其可抑制可燃性有機材料的燃燒，而廣泛用作溴化耐火材料（Brominated flame retardants，BFRs）。由於空氣中多溴聯苯醚的濃度逐漸增加，且會對身體造成不良影響，所以多溴聯苯醚在空氣中的分佈受到公眾的極大關注。本研究於南部某工業區、都會區及郊區共佈置四個採樣點進行多溴聯苯醚之採樣分析。採樣於2010年11月間進行，每個採樣點共採得4個樣品，每個樣品以高量空氣採樣器連續採氣7天，在工業區、都會區及郊區之平均採樣體積分別為4072、4029及3567 Nm3。在工業區，大氣中多溴聯苯醚的濃度介於53.5至107 pg/Nm3之間，平均值為67.3 pg/Nm3；在都會區，大氣中多溴聯苯醚的濃度介於83.5至115 pg/Nm3之間，平均值為102 pg/Nm3；至於郊區，大氣中多溴聯苯醚的濃度介於45.5至98.6 pg/Nm3之間，平均值為71.7 pg/Nm3；其中以都會區濃度最高。此外亦發現，空氣中之多溴聯苯醚以粒狀物相為主，在工業區、都會區以及郊區粒狀物相濃度分別佔了 64％、68％及55％。多溴聯苯醚的特徵剖面顯示，10個溴取代的BDE＃209為主要物種，工業區的BDE＃209佔63.4％至82.4％，平均值為73.6％；都會區的BDE＃209佔68.4％至84.7％，平均值為76.4％；至於郊區，BDE＃209佔64.4％至81.0％，平均值為74.2％。本研究成果對於空氣品質的改善提供了非常有用的資訊。
並列摘要
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are well known hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and are widely used brominated flame retardants (BFRs) because of their inhibitory effects on the ignition of combustible organic materials. Owing to their adverse health effects and increasing level in the air, their distribution in the air is of great concern to the publics. In this study, four sampling sites situated in industrialized area, metropolitan area as well as rural area which located in southern Taiwan were taken and analyzed for PBDEs. Four samples were taken for each sampling sites, and each sample was taken for a consecutive seven days with a mean sampling size of 4072, 4029, and 3567 Nm3 at the industrialized, metropolitan, and rural sites, respectively. For the industrialized area, the concentrations of PBDEs were in the range of 53.5 to 107 pg/Nm3, with an average of 67.3 pg/Nm3. For the metropolitan area, the concentrations of PBDEs were in the range of 83.5 to 115 pg/Nm3, with an average of 102 pg/Nm3. As for the rural area, the concentrations of PBDEs were in the range of 45.5 to 98.6 pg/Nm3, with an average of 71.7 pg/Nm3. The highest level was found in the metropolitan area. In addition, the particulate phase concentrations accounted for 64%, 68% and 55% in the industrialized, metropolitan, and rural area, respectively. The congener profiles of the various bromine substituted congeners showed that BDE #209 (10Br) is the dominant congener. For the industrialized area, BDE #209 accounted for 63.4% to 82.4% with an average of 73.6%. For the metropolitan area, BDE #209 accounted for 68.4% to 84.7%, with an average of 76.4%. As for the rural area, BDE #209 accounted for 64.4% to 81.0%, with an average of 74.2%. The results of this study provide important information for the promotion of air quality.