近年來台灣行動不便老年人口來越來越多,他們因行動不便常會使用椅子或輪椅等輔具。當他們使用椅子等輔具時常因下肢無力,跌落坐下,瞬間全身重量產生衝擊力直接作用於脊椎上造成傷害。所以本研究針對行動不便的老年人進行穩定性輔助起身與坐下的座椅設計以增加使用的安全性。本研究方法是首先利用皮托科技公司的Phase Space動態擷取系統設備,以高速攝影機拍下人體的運動情形,再由動態訊號擷取器來抓取人體坐下時,身體各個部位的座標;接著將人體肢段分成十六個區段,藉由擷取的座標進行人體重心位置變化的分析;再來依照生物力學理論建立一套人們各坐姿的脊椎受力的數學模式,進而計算脊椎所承受的衝擊力;最後再利用座椅緩衝機構減緩坐姿時,脊椎的衝擊力在可承受範圍內,增加使用的安全性。本研究成果是計算人體坐姿與力姿最大衝擊力的位置,利用座椅緩衝機構於此位置產生足夠緩衝力以輔助坐下也可以起身的穩定性。本研究設計的座椅可以降低脊椎衝擊力。
In recent years, the number is increasing of elderly population in Taiwan. This elderly need to sit on a seat or wheelchair for taking a rest. When they sit down, their weak lower limbs can’t support strong forces to protect the safety during the sitting processing. The purpose of this study is to design a stable and safe seat with dual function of seating and standing. First, the study used phase space motion capture system equipment provide by PITOTECH CO., LTD to catch seating and standing human body locations by using high speed camera. Secondly, based on the mass centers of sixteen segments of human body and seating human body locations, the research calculated the locations of the mass center of different body actions. Then, by applying the Biomechanical theory, this work established the mathematical model for calculating the spinal impact forces for different body actions. By using the model, the work calculated the location of human body with maximum impact force. Finally, this work designed a safe seat with an absorber for providing an acting force to absorb the maximum impact force. The results of this work are established the mathematical model for calculating the spinal impact forces and designed a stable and safe seat with dual function of seating and standing.