零電流轉移脈波寬度調變蓄電池充電器

Battery Charger with Zero-Current-Transition Pulse-Width-Modulation Converter

邱憲汶(Sian-Wun Ciou)

指導教授 ： 莊英俊

崑山科技大學/工程學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本論文提出一零電流轉移脈波寬度調變蓄電池充電器。此電路將一輔助功率開關與共振電容串聯，使得在這個充電器內的所有半導體元件都操作在柔性切換情況。此充電器電路架構對蓄電池充電確實能消除充電電流漣波，在沒有增加轉換器體積的情況下使能延長蓄電池的使用壽命。本論文提出的零電流轉移脈波寬度調變蓄電池充電器可以操作在低切換損失。在輔助開關和輔助二極體上不會產生額外的電壓和電流應力，主開關和主二極體上的電壓和電流值在可允許範圍內。此外，本論文提出的零電流轉移脈波寬度調變蓄電池充電器具有電路架構簡單、低成本、容易控制和高效率的優點。本論文對操作原理和設計程序作詳細分析與討論。藉由等效電路及電路操作方程式推導出來的特性曲線圖，設計共振元件的最佳電路參數值。經由一充電器雛型的模擬和實驗結果證明本論文所提電路之可行性。最後，設計並製做一零電流轉移脈波寬度調變充電器對12 V 48Ah的鉛酸電池作充電測試，以證實理論的正確性。從實驗得到的結果令人滿意。

關鍵字

充電器 ； 零電流轉移 ； 柔性切換

並列摘要

This thesis presents a novel zero-current-transition (ZCT) pulse-width-modulation (PWM) dc-dc converter for battery chargers. With an auxiliary power switch in series with the resonant capacitor, all of the semiconductor devices in the charger circuit are turned on and off under soft switching. The proposed charger topology practically eliminates the charging current ripple in the battery, thus maximizing battery life without penalizing the volume of the converter. Accordingly, a battery charger with the proposed ZCT-PWM dc-dc converter can be operated at low switching power losses conditions. No additional voltage and current stresses on the auxiliary switch and auxiliary diode occur. Also, the main switch and main diode are subjected to voltage and current values at allowable levels. Furthermore, the proposed ZCT-PWM dc-dc battery charger has a simple structure, low cost, easy control, and high efficiency. The operating principles and design procedure are analyzed and discussed in detail. The optimal values of the resonant components are determined by applying the characteristic curve and the electric functions derived from the circuit configuration. Simulation and experimental results from a laboratory prototype are shown to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme. Finally, a prototype circuit designed for a 12V-48Ah lead-acid battery is built and tested to verify the theoretical predictions. Satisfactory performance is obtained from the experimental results.

並列關鍵字

Battery charger ； zero current transition ； soft-switching

參考文獻

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[5] W. A. Tabisz and F. C. Lee, “Zero-Voltage-Switching　Multi-Resonant Technique: A Novel Approach to Improve Performance of High-Frequency Quasi-Resonant Converters,” IEEE PESC, Vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 1988, pp. 9-17.

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[7] C. A. Canesin and I. Barbi, “Novel Zero-Current-Switching PWM Converters,” IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 44, No. 3, Jun. 2005, pp. 407-415.