可變風門之多功能熱泵式空調機之研製

傳統冷暖氣機以調整四通閥來改變冷媒流動方向來產生冷或暖的功能，室內熱交器熱天作為蒸發器而冷天又變作凝結器。因凝結器的散熱能量必須為壓縮機產生的功加上蒸發器所吸收的熱量之和，故凝結器的散熱面積必須約為蒸發器的散熱面積1.2∼1.3倍才能量匹配。如台灣熱帶型氣候，冷暖機的製作必然以冷氣功能為主的設計，室外熱交換器必須大於室內熱交換器，故熱天使用冷氣會有預期的高效能，但當使用暖氣功能時由於能量無法匹配而使能源效能降低和易生故障。較寒冷地區的冷暖氣機的製作則以暖氣功能為主設計，室內熱交換器必須大於室外熱交換器，冷天使用暖氣會有預期的高效能，但當使用冷氣功能時由於能量無法匹配而使能源效能降低和易生故障。本研究為為一種可變風門之多功能熱泵式空調機的研製，指在外箱體的內部區分為上空間及下空間，上、下空間分別設置可變換擺向的上風門及下風門，又，上空間分別設置室內、外出風口，以及下空間分別設置室內、外入風口，而在下空間的兩側分別設置了空調系統中之蒸發器及冷凝器；據此，經由控制空調系統和風扇之適時運作、以及上、下風門的擺向組合變換，而有較使用四通閥機種更佳的室內冷、暖氣功能而無該機種的缺點，同時增加室內之快速換氣及兼有冷卅暖氣、壓縮機不運轉而只由風扇運轉引入適溫的外氣作節能空調、冷天除濕兼有暖氣之諸多功能。

關鍵字

四通閥；可變風門；多功能；熱泵式空調機

並列摘要

Traditional air-conditioner with heating and cooling functions uses the four-way valve to change the refrigerant flow direction to generate heating and cooling functions. The indoor heat exchanger is used as the evaporator at hot weather and is become as the condenser at cold weather. The thermal energy from the condenser must equal to the consumption of the work generated by compressor and the thermal energy absorbed by the evaporator. Thus, in order to match the energy balance, the surface area of condenser is approximately 1.2∼1.3 times of that of evaporator. The products used for such as Taiwan's tropical climate, air-conditioner is focused on the cooling function design; the outdoor heat exchanger must be greater than the indoor heat exchanger, so its cooling function is with expected high-performance when it is applied at hot days, but not for its heating function. On the contrary, the products used for colder regions, air-conditioner is focused on the heating function design; the indoor heat exchanger must be greater than the outdoor heat exchanger, so its heating function used at cold days is with expected high-performance, but not for its cooling function. The above products are also easier fault due to its design. The present study is to fabricate a “variable-damper multi-function heat pump air conditioner”. The internal region of its outer box is divided into the upper and lower spaces, the swing upper and lower doors are set inside to change the wind directions, separately. And there are air outlets and air inlets located to the upper and lower spaces, individually. Meanwhile, the evaporator and condenser, belonging to refrigeration system, are set on both sides the lower space. Accordingly, through the control the proper operations of refrigeration system and fans, as well as under the transforming combination of the swing upper and lower doors, it can obtain the better heating and cooling performances compared with four-way valve type air-conditioner and without its shortcomings. At the same time, the extra functions can be obtained; such as, the fast outdoor air ventilation with cooling卅heating function; the compressor is switched off and only operating the fans to introduce proper-temperature outside air for energy-saving air-conditioning; heating function is operated with dehumidification in cold-wet sessions.