並聯負載共振式蓄電池充電器之分析與設計

Analysis and Implementation of Parallel-Loaded Resonant Converter for Battery Chargers

張順益(Shun-Yi Chang)

指導教授 ： 莊英俊

崑山科技大學/工程學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本論文提出一個體積小、低成本與高效率的切換式蓄電池充電器。鉛酸蓄電池已被廣泛的運用於各種的汽車電力系統、不斷電系統(UPS)與電源供應器等，然而若是蓄電池的能量密度差或是充電特性不佳與使用壽命不長，將會影響蓄電池在市面上的運用性。所以本論文主要的研究方向是提出一半橋式並聯負載共振式轉換器運用於蓄電電池充電器，以提高充電效率，提供良好的控制輸出特性以及延長蓄電池使用壽命。
本文中的共振式轉換器，主要是利用電感與電容所組成的共振槽以產生所需的共振電壓與電流，並可使開關達到零電壓與零電流切換，得到所需要的輸出電壓與充電電流。本論文的半橋式並聯負載共振式轉換器共有三種不同的操作模式下，此種轉換器具有電路構造簡單、體積輕巧、低切換損失、成本低廉、高充電效率的優點。調整功率開關的切換頻率可使轉換器操作於三個不同的操作模式。在縝密的電路參數設計下，可減少功率開關的切換損失，達到高充電效率的目的。
最後針對電路的轉換器操作原理與電路模式加以分析與探討，並將此轉換器應用於12V-48Ah的鉛酸蓄電池充電器配合電腦模擬與實作電路驗證，證實結果非常令人滿意。

關鍵字

充電器 ； 並聯負載共振 ； 柔性切換

並列摘要

This thesis presents an efficient, small-sized, and cost-effective switched-mode converter for battery chargers. The lead-acid batteries are widely used in various applications such as automotive power system, uninterruptible power system (UPS), telecom power supply, and so on. However, poor battery energy density, charging characteristics, and lifetime encumber commercial applications. The main aim of this thesis is to improve the charge efficiency, provide well regulated output characteristics, and prolong the battery lifetime. Accordingly, a battery charger with half-bridge parallel-loaded resonant converter (HBPLRC) is proposed in this thesis.
In the proposed resonant converter, an L-C resonant tank is used that results in oscillating output voltage and charging current and thus provides zero-voltage and/or zero-current switching. Three possible operating modes of the HBPLRC charger circuit with the advantages of simple structure, light weight, low switching losses, low cost and high efficiency for lead-acid batteries. The control method of varying the switching frequency of the power switches is utilized for the three operating possible modes. With carefully designed circuit parameters, the power switches can exhibit low switching power losses. As a result, high charging efficiency can be achieved.
The operating principles and equivalent circuit are analyzed and discussed in detail. Simulation and experimental results are conducted for a 12V-48Ah lead-acid battery to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

並列關鍵字

Battery charger ； parallel-loaded resonant converter ； soft-switching

參考文獻

[2] 張永東，共振式蓄電池充電器之研製，碩士論文，崑山科技大學電機工程系，2004。

之設計與研製” ， 碩士論文，私立中原大學電機工程學系，2004。

第二十二屆電力工程研討會, pp. 1261-1266, 2001.

Converters,” Proceedings of the Power Conversion Conference

Osaki, Vol. 3, April 2002, pp. 1073- 1077.