- 學位論文
螺旋藻淨化畜牧業放流水之研究
Study on Treatment of Livestock Wastewater by Arthrospira platensis
摘要
國內畜牧廢水之產生源大多為養豬場及養牛場，由於台灣地區之豬舍及牛舍，大部分為水泥地面，為了維護畜牧場的衛生及牛隻與豬隻的健康，管理人員習慣以大量的水沖洗畜舍，因而產生了相當大量的廢水。經農委會多年輔導，目前飼養規模200頭以上的養豬場，98%以上都已設置廢水處理設施，且其中有很大比例是採用農委會畜產試驗所所研發的三段式廢水處理系統，然而畜牧廢水經過處理後，出流水的營養鹽依舊偏高，若直接排出後，很容易造成水體的優養化。本研究主要利用螺旋藻淨化養殖場處理過的出流水，利用螺旋藻的生長以移除過多的氮磷營養鹽，降低承受水體優養化的生成潛勢；因此，結合畜牧業放流水中高濃度之氮磷特性，並配合螺旋藻生長之基本條件，期許達到螺旋藻淨化畜牧業放流水和合乎環保資源再利用之理念。 本研究在實驗室以BG-11培養基和原水、稀釋2倍和4倍畜牧業出流水培養螺旋藻，BG-11培養基培養螺旋藻，研究結果顯示培養基中正磷酸鹽、氨氮和硝酸氮的濃度都有被消耗掉，分別為100％、98％和14％，豬場原水因氨氮濃度過高，會導致螺旋藻死亡，所以選擇用稀釋2倍和4倍出流水來培養螺旋藻，然而稀釋2倍出流水培養螺旋藻之結果顯示出正磷酸鹽、總氮鹽的濃度都有被消耗掉，消耗率分別為96.6 ％和61.2％，稀釋4倍出流水培養螺旋藻之結果顯示出正磷酸鹽、總氮鹽的濃度也都有被消耗掉，消耗率分別為73 ％和24％，牛場出流水培養螺旋藻之結果顯示出正磷酸鹽的濃度有被消耗，消耗率為85.3％，然而螺旋藻並未對無機氮鹽產生消耗。
並列摘要
Sources of domestic livestock wastewater are mostly from pig farms and cattle farms in Taiwan. The management method of farm often is to use a large amount of water to maintain the sanitation of livestock farms and the health of pigs and cattle, and thus it causes the production of a considerable amount of wastewater. Currently, 98% of the pig farms with 200 or more breeding have set up wastewater treatment facilities, and a large proportion of them uses the three-stage wastewater treatment system developed by the Livestock Research Institute of the Council of Agriculture. However, the treated livestock wastewater still contains a large amount of nutrients. The waste water is very likely to cause the eutrophication of water bodies if it is discharged directly into the rivers or gutters. The main purpose of this study is to lower potential of eutrophication by using Arthrospira platensis to purify treated waste water and to remove the excessive nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. Therefore, A. platensis was incubated with high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus of livestock effluent water and BG-11 artificial medium. The removal efficiencies of phosphate, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were 100%, 98% and 14% respectively, by A. platensis under BG-11 medium. In raw effluent water from pig farm, ammonia concentration is too high to lead the death of A. platensithe, so 2 and 4 times dilution of water was selected to cultivate A. platensis. The removal efficiencies of phosphate and total nitrogen were 96.6% and 61.2% respectively, under 2 times dilution, and 73% and 24% respectively, under 4 times dilution of raw effluent water. Although the removal efficiency of phosphate was 85.3% in raw effluent water from cattle farm, nitrogen was not consumed by A. platensithe.