機車噴射引擎稀混合汽控制

Lean Air/Fuel Mixture Control for Fuel Injection Engine of Motorcycles

甘宏基(Hung-Chi Kan)

指導教授 ： 吳向宸

共同指導教授 ： 鄒忠全(Zong-ChyuanTzou)

崑山科技大學/工程學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

一般機車噴射引擎之空燃比大多控制在理想的14.7，其目的是可以提高觸媒轉化器的轉換效率，減少排放污染。但如此的理想空燃比之設計，不見得使機車省油。目前機車上已經安裝的觸媒轉化器只有氧化觸媒部份，因此還另外安裝二次空氣裝置以增加排放廢氣中的含氧量，用以提高氧化觸媒的轉換效率。
本研究提出機車噴射引擎的稀混合汽控制概念，主要是可有效降低油耗，又不會影響氧化觸媒的轉換效率。因為在中低速行駛狀態或減速狀態下，控制噴油量使得混合汽較稀，如此可以降低機車燃油消耗，同時又不會影響氧化觸媒的轉換效率和壽命。在機車高速行駛時，因為排氣管內的正壓緣故，二次空氣裝置無法打入新鮮空氣，因此使用較稀的混合汽可增加排放廢氣中的含氧量，即可以提高氧化觸媒的效率，減少機車的排放污染。
本研究進行方式為先建立理想混合汽的控制技術，再使用前饋控制（feedforward control）和回饋控制（feedback control）的控制策略，控制混合汽空燃比在理想值14.7附近。接著修改前饋控制和回饋控制策略，控制混合汽比理想值較高，同時發展混合汽空燃比的估測技術，僅利用含氧感知器的回饋信號就能正確地估測真實空燃比。接著在測試台上實驗驗證噴油控制策略和空燃比估測器的功能與其正確性。

關鍵字

稀混合汽控制 ； 空燃比估測器 ； 機車噴射引擎

並列摘要

In motorcycle, the air/fuel mixture ratio is controlled around the stoichiometric value of 14.7 to improve the conversion efficiency of the catalytic converter and reduce the contained exhaust gas. But in such stoichiometric operation the fuel consumption of the motorcycles will be higher. So far the motorcycles in Taiwan are already equipped with the secondary air device to increase the quantity of oxygen in the exhaust gas to raise the efficiency of the catalytic converter (oxidation catalyst).
This project proposes the concept of lean air/fuel mixture to reduce the fuel consumption of motorcycles. At the same time, the conversion efficiency of the catalytic converter will not be affected by the lean air/fuel mixture. Under the conditions of low-speed and medium-speed driving, the lean air/fuel mixture can reduce the fuel consumption and maintain the conversion efficiency and life of catalytic converters. Under the high-speed driving, the secondary air device doesn’t work due to the positive pressure in the pipeline, the efficiency of the catalytic converter will be lower. Controlling the lean air/fuel mixture can increase the quantity of oxygen in the exhaust gas can increase the efficiency of the catalytic converter and reduce the contained exhaust gas under high-speed driving condition.
The project will do the following steps. First, the ideal air/fuel mixture control technique will be built. By using the feedforward control and feedback control strategies, the air/fuel mixture ratio will be controlled around 14.7. Next, modify the feedforward control and feedback control strategies to get higher air/fuel ratio to reduce fuel consumption. In order to arrive this target of lean air/fuel mixture, correct air/fuel ratio estimator must be developed under the condition of just using Oxygen sensor for feedback signal of air/fuel ratio. After the lean air/fuel mixture control strategies and air/fuel estimator are developed, they will be validated by experiment data on the test rig in the lab of KSU.

並列關鍵字

Lean Air/Fuel Mixture Control ； Air/Fuel Ratio Estimator ； Fuel Injection Engine ； Motorcycle

參考文獻

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