透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.17.5.68
  • 學位論文

部份預混噴流火焰合成奈米碳結構

Synthesis of Carbon Nano-Structures in Partially-Premixed Jet Flames

指導教授 : 侯順雄
若您是本文的作者,可授權文章由華藝線上圖書館中協助推廣。

摘要


本研究之目的在於利用乙烯/空氣部份預混噴流火焰燃燒合成奈米碳結構。研究中,固定出口流速為70 cm/s,乙烯濃度範圍為12.7∼16.3 %,以探討乙烯與空氣混合比例、溫度場、濃度場及沉積位置等參數對火焰合成奈米碳結構的影響。首先進行火焰型態觀察,接著量測溫度與濃度分布,最後使用鎳網格,將其置於距離燃燒器中心軸出口上方Z = 40∼70 mm 位置,當作沉積基板來合成奈米碳結構,沉積取樣時間為2分鐘。然後再以掃描式電子顯微鏡(FE-SEM)和高解析場發射掃描穿透式電子顯微鏡(HR-TEM)觀察分析不同實驗條件下所生成奈米碳結構的微結構和形態。結果顯示當乙烯濃度為15.1%,軸向高度為Z= 40mm時,由FE-SEM不易觀察到奈米碳結構生成,但HR-TEM則可發現多壁奈米碳管;而當乙烯濃度為15.1%且軸向高度為Z=50和60 mm時、以及當乙烯濃度為15.7%和16.3%,且軸向高度為Z=40、50和60 mm時,由FE-SEM觀察皆可發現沉積生成的奈米碳球。由氣體濃度量測結果顯示,當乙烯濃度為15.1 %、15.7 %及16.3 %,在Z = 40 mm的取樣位置時,雖然均出現CO、C2H2等氣體成分,且溫度(1160 ℃)亦適合奈米碳結構生成,但因C2H4濃度尚未完全熱裂解,導致碳源並不充足。因此,當乙烯濃度為15.7 %和16.3 %且Z=40 mm時,只能燃燒合成少量的奈米碳球;而當乙烯濃度為15.1 %且Z=40 mm時,則只能合成少量多壁奈米碳管。至於乙烯濃度在15.1%、15.7 %和16.3 %三種濃度,且在Z = 50∼60 mm區間時,由於有足夠的CO、C2H2氣體成分且C2H4已熱裂解完畢,使得碳源充足,再配合適當的溫度範圍(大約970∼1300 ℃),故經FE-SEM可明顯觀察到顆粒均勻且生長密度高的大量奈米碳球,其形狀為球形,有如葡萄般串連在一起,再經由HR-TEM可清楚觀察到其結構為多層石墨層結構所組成的中空奈米碳球,直徑約 20~40 nm。但當乙烯濃度為15.1%、15.7 %和16.3 %三種實驗條件下,在Z = 70 mm時,由於其溫度均過高(大約在1600℃),因此,合成的奈米碳結構之數量極少。

並列摘要


Combustion synthesis of carbon nano-structures using ethylene-air partially-premixed jet flames and a catalytic Ni substrate was investigated. In the experiments, the injection velocity of fuel-air mixture was kept constant. The influences of sampling position, gas temperature and concentration distributions on the synthesis of carbon nanostructures were examined. The results showed that the increase of fuel concentration leads to an increase of flame height and a wider range of yellow flame (sooty zone). Additionally, a quantity of carbon nano-onions was synthesized at Z = 40 ~ 60 mm for ethylene concentrations of 15.1%, 15.7% and 16.3%; however, only little carbon nanostructure was synthesized at Z = 70 mm because the temperature was too high. It has been verified that the key parameters influencing the formation and yield of CNOs were carbon sources (mainly both the CO and C2H2 concentrations), and heat source (suitable temperature range around 970 ~ 1300 ℃). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the presence of spherical carbon nano-onions with diameters ranging from 20 to 40 nm.

參考文獻


55成功大學微奈米科技研究中心,
2Iijima, S., “Helical Microtubules of Graphitic Carbon,” Nature, Vol. 354, pp. 56-58, 1991.
5Yasuda, Ayumu, Kawase, Noboru, and Mizutani, Wataru, “Carbon-Nanotube Formation Mechanism Based on in Situ TEM Observations,” J. of Phys. Chem. B, Vol. 106, pp. 51, 2002
6Sinnott S. B., Andrews. R., Qian. D., Rao. A. M., Mao Z, Dickey E. C. and Derbyshire F., “Model of Carbon Nanotube Growth Through Chemical Vapor Deposition,” Chem. Phys. Lett., Vol. 315, pp. 25-30, 1999.
7朱立邦,「高溫氣體沉積法合成奈米碳球」,國立成功大學材料科學與工程學系碩士論文,民國九十五年七月。

被引用紀錄


鄭重役(2011)。聲波振動同心噴流火焰合成奈米碳結構〔碩士論文,崑山科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0025-1309201115194400

延伸閱讀