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  • 學位論文

浮筏式牡蠣養殖之環保浮具可行性研究

Feasibility of eco-friendly Buoy in Float Oyster Farming Rafts

指導教授 : 張懿

摘要


本研究旨在探討以天然材質為基礎研發新型環保浮具,嘗試以不同材料與比例製作浮具,觀察浮力效果,紀錄浮具浸水前後的吸水率、抗壓強度與摩擦係數等物理特性。本研究利用水泥、齒模粉、海菜膠為主要實驗材料,以陶粒為填充材料,目標為製作低密度、高強度、低吸水率的替代環保浮具。而環保浮具的材料選用及設計原則是以天然及低成本為出發點,讓蚵農得以環境友善方式繼續進行浮筏式牡蠣養殖漁業,透過研究結果檢視浮具成效,做為政府與廠商於後續研發新型環保浮具材料選用的參考依據。本研究經初步材料特性測試,按規劃之配比,加入不同比例之水泥、海菜膠及齒模粉,調製為不同配比之漿液,再將其製成15公分立方之水泥試體。經28天後,取試體進行各項物理性質試驗,進而篩選出浮具製作材料最佳比例。經試驗結果發現,齒模粉用量與浮力、吸水率呈正相關,與密度及抗壓強度呈負相關;而水泥用量與密度及抗壓強度呈正相關,而與浮力及吸水率呈負相關。由於水泥為形成試體強度主要材料,故超過特定範圍水泥添加量,會使密度增加而降低浮力效果,因此在合理水泥添加範圍內,能提供優異抗壓強度、浮力與摩擦係數。故本文所尋求之試體最佳化配比 (體積比)之實驗結果顯示,海菜膠、齒模粉、及發泡水泥(彈性水泥)三者之比例為1:2:2,建議齒模粉添加量為40%,水泥添加量介於40~50%,為本研究所提出最佳配比試驗值。雖然最終實驗試體浮力不及保麗龍,建議未來可依本研究所建議材料配比為基礎,嘗試填以不同天然輕質材料進行替代,進而提升浮力效果。

並列摘要


Offshore oyster farming (Floating-raft culture system) is a crucial fishery industry in the Tainan coastal area. Styrofoam, a polystyrene foam, is commonly used in floats to maintain buoyancy in the oyster farming process. However, styrofoam buoys are fragile and tend to degrade into fragments, which has resulted in seasonal marine debris pollution and challenges to coastal management. Several types of alternative buoys have been developed. However, these alternatives are still manufactured using different plastic materials and, thus, may still degrade into microplastic particles. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an alternative buoy, which is made of natural materials. Specifically, we applied eco-friendly materials—specifically, cement, algae powder, alginate impression material, and ceramsite—as the main components. This alternative buoy is eco-friendly because its constituent natural materials will not break down into plastic fragments. The test results revealed that the optimum proportion of the materials, by volume, is seaweed glue : impression material : cement = 1:2:2. Moreover, we determined that the quantity of cement was proportional to the density and compressive strength of the test specimen and inversely proportional to the buoyancy and water absorption rates. Furthermore, the quantity of impression material was proportional to the buoyancy of specimen and inversely proportional to the compressive strength. The results preliminarily demonstrate the feasibility of using natural materials to develop an eco-friendly buoy with the aim of reducing marine debris pollution.

參考文獻


論文及期刊:
1. 王舜民,海菜粉黏著材料對貼面磁磚黏著強度之最佳配比設計,國立屏東科技大學土木工程研究所碩士論文,1998。
2. 張琇晴,牙科用印模材精確性之比較,中山醫學大學牙科材料研究所碩士論文,2002。
3. 杜萬枝,磁磚舖貼施工效能分析之研究,朝陽科技大學營建工程系碩士論文,2003。

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