模具熱傳參數對高強度鋼板熱引伸製程的影響

引伸加工是將金屬板材置於引伸模中，藉由沖頭將板材沖入沖模中形成有底無接縫之筒狀成品，大多數的引伸都是在常溫下進行，適用在結構簡單的產品上，而結構複雜變形量大的產品則可採用熱引伸的加工方式來完成。熱引伸成形可以提升胚料的成形性，減少引伸成形的加工道次，或應用在難於引伸成形之材料上，但是熱引伸在實際應用上，必須要考慮胚料性質與溫度的關係、加熱溫度範圍、模具材料、潤滑劑與作業性等因素，亦須考慮加熱設備的設置問題等，如能對上述因素進行整體考量，並掌握各項因素的影響，才能針對個別產品是否適用熱引伸做最好的選擇。本研究主要探討模具熱傳參數對高強度鋼板熱引伸製程的影響，以金屬板材塑性成形及熱傳導之理論為基礎，透過有限元素分析軟體DEFORM對中國鋼鐵CSC-15B22高強度鋼板做引伸製程模擬時，藉以觀察分析模具初始溫度、模具熱傳導係數、模具接觸面熱傳係數等對引伸負荷、引伸件壁厚、引伸件應力及模具磨耗的影響。研究結果顯示引伸負荷、引伸件應力及模具磨耗和模具初始溫度的皆成反比關係，和模具接觸面熱傳係數的皆成正比關係；但觀察引伸負荷、引伸件應力及模具磨耗和模具熱傳導係數並無顯著影響；而引伸件壁厚和初始溫度、模具熱傳導係數及模具接觸面熱傳係數的關係，並無顯著的影響。

關鍵字

熱傳參數；熱引伸； DEFORM

並列摘要

Drawing process is to extend the drawing material by a punch load in a predesigned mold. Most of the processing is completed in room temperature and therefore suitable for most simple structure product. A complex structure will need a different processing-Hot drawing. To heat the drawing material before they are punched will increase their shape forming ability. However, Many factors will affect the final result in the heating equipment, mold material, lubrication and the draw material’s response to the heat processing. The thesis had studied the Heat Transfer coefficient(Die) in the hot drawing process of High-Strength Steel by the limited elementary analysis software-“DEFORM”. China Steel-CSC-15B22 have been used to study the die initial temperature, heat transfer coefficient, thickness of mold surface contact area, material stress-strain and the effect of worn mold in the hot drawing process. The study shows that punch load, material stress-strain have reciprocal relationship with worn of mold and the initial temperature. They have direct proportion with contact area’s heat transfer coefficient. There are no obvious relationship between the punch load, material stress-strain, mold worn and contact area. The initial temperature had also no obvious relationship with mold’s heat transfer coefficient, and contact area’s heat transfer coefficient.