龍門型工具機結構與機構的動態剛性研究

The Investigation in The Dynamic Stiffness of The Structures and Mechanisms of Double Column Machining Center

張裕昌(Chang Yu Chang)

指導教授 ： 黃運琳

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2011.00009

摘要

本論文主要以龍門型工具機的承載主結構、以及龍門型工具機的傳動機構為分析對象，提出一套改善測試龍門型工具機機構與結構動態剛性的方法與技術。本計畫將探討龍門型工具機的剛性與撓性零件耦合加工時的傳動機構與承載主結構的撓性振動變形對估算振動力量的動態影響，並透過電腦高速計算及模擬，分析傳動機構與承載主結構上各組件的動態響應及動態應力分布的情形。此外，本論文亦將從事電腦數值分析模擬龍門型工具機包含有剛性物體與撓性物體的傳動機構與承載主結構零組件在加工時動態剛性對加工成品之影響，將傳動機構與承載主結構以其扭轉模態及撓曲模態的前幾個低頻模態來從事分析模擬，同時利用有限元素分析與機構動態分析軟體運算傳動機構與承載主結構的動態響應、動態應力分佈、及剛性與撓性零件耦合的傳動機構與承載主結構的傳動力量與力矩所產生之振動位移響應。針對數值分析計算值將探討撓性對於龍門型工具機的傳動機構與承載主結構之傳動力量與力矩對於其結構與機構動態剛性與加工精度的影響，並且提出適當的改善措施。

關鍵字

龍門型工具機 ； 動態剛性 ； 傳動機構 ； 承載主結構 ； 動態響應

並列摘要

The main objective of this thesis is to provide the methods and techniques to improve the dynamic stiffness of double column machining center, especially focus on the transmission mechanisms and supporting main structures. In this investigation, we will estimate the dynamic effects of the rigid and flexible mixed parts of transmission mechanisms and supporting main structures on the computation of the dynamic transmission forces and responses. In the computer numerical analysis of the rigid and flexible mixed parts of transmission mechanisms and supporting main structures, the model will be considered the previous low frequency elastic modes for each of the torsional mode, flexural mode and mixed mode. The finite element model of double column machining center on flexible components is set up for finite element analysis software, and then the flexible components data are loaded into dynamic analysis software to perform the dynamic responses and the stress distribution of the transmission mechanisms and supporting main structures. Simultaneously, dynamic transmission forces and responses of double column machining center will be calculated with the case of elastic deformation and can be compared with the actual manufacturing vibration due to the moving and cutting. The flexibility of double column machining center components will be discussed on the dynamic effects of the cutting errors. The improvements of the dynamic stiffness of double column machining center will also be
provided in this thesis.

並列關鍵字

Double column machining center ； Dynamic stiffness ； Transmission mechanisms ； Supporting main structures ； Dynamic responses.

參考文獻

[4]翁嘉駿，工具機動件結構最佳化設計與分析，中原大學機械工程學系碩士論文，2005年7月。

[13]陳俊達、王焜潔、周信暐，電腦輔助工程在CNC立式加工中心機進給系統高速化之應用，科學與工程技術期刊，第3卷第1期，2007年。

[8]Tlusty, J., High-Speed Machining, CIRP Vol. 42/2/1993, pp.733-738.

[32]Ehmann, K. F. and Wu, B. T. A Generalized Geometric Error Model for Multi-axis Machine, Annals of the CIRP 36, No.1: 253-256, 1987.

[33]Lin, P. D. and Ehmann, K. F. Error Analysis, Measurement and Com pensation for Multi-axis Machines Ph.D. Thesis, Northwestern University. Evanston, Illinois, 1989.