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  • 學位論文

利用成像位姿變化理論設計與分析旋轉自由度之光學量測系統

An Exact Analytical Approach for Rotation-Degree of Freedom Measurement Using Image-Orientation-Change Method

指導教授 : 蔡忠佑
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摘要


任一物體在三度空間中擁有三個旋轉自由度,當一物體在空間中做了某未知的運動時,必須有一組多自由度的量測系統,解出其物體的旋轉軸方向及角度。目前大部分的自由度量測系統主要目的,皆是針對微小運動所設計。即使理論上一組複雜的非線性關係式,可以利用一階泰勒級數展開,而得到簡化且近似的線性關係式。然而,泰勒級數展開通常也是相當繁重且耗時的工作。所以,如何設計出另一種量測方法,可同時兼顧線性關係式的便利及非線性關係式的準確,成為本研究的主要課題。 本研究利用位姿成像變化(IOC)理論,提出一個純解析的方法,對物體的旋轉,建構一個三個旋轉自由度的測量系統。此測量系統包括兩組反射系統,其中每組系統包括兩個反射鏡及一個位置感應器(PSD)。而兩組反射系統的成像位姿變化(即優化函數矩陣),可從各自的位置感應器(PSD)的讀值中分析而求得。當物體旋轉後,其旋轉後的優化函數矩陣可由各自的位置感應器(PSD)新成像點讀值分析而求得,接著由各優化函數矩陣所相對應的特徵向量,用向量法可求出三個旋轉變量與旋轉角度。因此,描述物體的三個旋轉自由度的變換矩陣即可完全以解析的方法求出。

並列摘要


An exact analytical approach is proposed for measuring the three rotational degree-of-freedom motion of an object using the image-orientation-change (IOC) method. The proposed measurement system comprises two reflector systems, where each system consists of two reflectors and one position sensing detector (PSD). The IOCs of the object in the two reflector systems are described using merit functions determined from the respective PSD readings before and after motion occurs, respectively. The three rotation variables are then determined analytically from the eigenvectors of the corresponding merit functions. As a result, the motion transformation matrix describing the three rotation motion and angle of the object is fully determined. The validity of the proposed approach is demonstrated by means of an illustrative example.

參考文獻


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