基於電化學阻抗譜建立電池模型參數量測系統設計

Design of the Measurement System for Building the Parameters of Battery Model with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

甘宗達(Zong-Da Kan)

指導教授 ： 劉煥彩

國立虎尾科技大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程系碩士班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

電池所表現的各項參數為判斷電池殘電量以及壽命的重要依據，現今判斷電池殘電量使用的參數多為開路電壓、溫度或庫倫積分電流。而重要參數之一的阻抗，由於電路較為複雜，故較少採用。
本文完成一電化學阻抗譜資料取樣之系統，運用正弦波掃頻方式使電流訊號通過電池，使電池產生響應訊號並量測訊號電壓增益與相位差，由此求得內部等效電路當交流電流通過時所造成的阻抗，並將各頻率阻抗值繪製成奈奎氏圖。探討各種被動元件所組成的等效電路與其奈奎氏圖之關係，再由量測電池的奈奎氏圖分析其等效電路模型，計算模型各元件參數數值。
本文針對Randles電路做分析，Randles電路包含歐姆電阻(RΩ)、電荷轉移電阻(RCT)與雙層電容(CDL)，交流訊號為1千赫茲左右時，電池的響應訊號與原始訊號相位差幾乎為零，所代表的電阻值為RΩ；交流訊號介於1千赫茲與1赫茲之間的電池響應訊號代表著RCT以及CDL並聯的數值。Randles等效電路所構成的頻率範圍約為1赫茲至1千赫茲之間，而低於1赫茲的響應訊號稱之Warburg，其在奈奎氏圖上呈現一固定斜率直線；以及高於1千赫茲的響應訊號為電感響應阻抗。

關鍵字

電化學阻抗譜 ； 奈奎氏圖 ； 電池阻抗 ； 頻率掃描

並列摘要

The parameters of the battery is the important basis to determine the state of charge(SOC) and state of health(SOH). Nowadays, the parameters used to determine the SOC are mostly open circuit voltage(OCV), temperature or coulomb counting method. One of the important parameters is impedance. As the circuit is more complex, so it is less used.
This thesis completes a data sampling system of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). Use the sweep frequency of sine wave to make the current signal through the battery. Make the bettery generate a response signal and measure the gain of voltage and the phase difference. Thus find the equivalent circuit of the impedance when the AC current through. And the impedance value at every frequency point are plotted as Nyquist Plot. Discuss the relationship between the equivalent circuit composed of various passive components and Nyquist plot. And analysis of it’s equivalent circuit model by the measurement of the Nyquist plot, then calculate every components value of the model.
This thesis analysis for the Randles circuit, it contains RΩ , charge transfer Resistance(RCT) and double layer capacitance(CDL). When the AC signal at about 1kHz, the battery’s response signal and the original signal are almost no phase difference. The resistance is RΩ. And the response signal between the 1kHz and 1Hz is the parallel value of RCT and CDL.The Randles equivalent circuit contain the frequency about 1Hz to 1kHz. And the response signal below 1Hz is Warburg. It show a fixed slope straight line on Nyquist plot, the signal above 1kHz is the impedance of inductance.

並列關鍵字

EIS ； Nyquist plot ； battery Impedance ； sweep frequency

參考文獻

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