脈波頻率調變升壓轉換器之演算法設計與電路實現

Algorithm Design and Circuit Implementation of Boost Converter with Pulse Frequency Modulation

陳威志(Wei-Chih Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳厚銘

國立虎尾科技大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本論文將分析脈波頻率調變升壓轉換器的電感電流與輸出電壓之間的能量轉換關係，設計一套輸出漣波電壓演算法。為了使輸出漣波電壓更加精確，演算法考量了以下規格與設計參數: 輸入電壓(VIN)、輸出電壓(VOUT)、電感(L)、輸出電容(COUT)、負載電流(ILOAD)、峰值電感電流(IPEAK)、遲滯電壓(VHYS)、迴路延遲時間(tDELAY)與回授電阻放大倍率(K)。藉由此套演算法，設計者可以得到各項規格與設計參數，所對應的輸出漣波電壓，判斷輸出電壓的正確與穩定性且縮短電路設計上的時間。本論文使用了TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M 5V CMOS 製程設計了一個脈波頻率調變升壓轉換器來驗證所設計的輸出漣波電壓演算法。所設計的演算法是利用Matlab實現，結果與Hspice模擬結果相比，誤差率會低於3%，輸出電壓平均值的誤差率會低於0.005%。所設計的脈波頻率調變升壓轉換器，在輸入電壓範圍為2.2~4.7V，負載電流範圍為1mA~50mA時，輸出電壓都會維持在5V，輸出漣波電壓會低於25mV，轉換效率在負載電流50mA時，為91.8%。線性調節率與負載穩調節率為3.98mV/V以及-0.18mV/mA。

關鍵字

輸出漣波電壓演算法 ； 升壓轉換器 ； 轉換效率 ； 線性調節率 ； 負載調節率

並列摘要

This thesis proposes an accurate output ripple voltage algorithm by analyzing the energy transformation of inductor current and output voltage. The equation of output ripple voltage is carefully established by the complete parameters that contains VIN, VOUT, ILOAD, L, COUT, IPEAK, VHYS, tDELAY and ratio of feedback resistors (K). Therefore, this innovative algorithm can help designer to fast decide circuit parameters and to effectively reduce design time. The proposed boost converter is designed with a standard TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS technology. The proposed boost converter can regulate a 2.2V supply voltage to 5V under 1-50mA loads. The maximum power-conversion efficiency is 91.8% at 50mA load current. The load regulation and line regulation are -0.18mV/mA and 3.98mV/V, respectively. Moreover, the simulation results show that the error rates of output ripple voltage and average output voltage are smaller than 3% and 0.005%, respectively.

並列關鍵字

output ripple voltage algorithm ； boost converter ； power-conversion efficiency ； line regulation ； load regulation

參考文獻

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