ZigBee於室內定位與控制系統之設計與應用

近年來無線網路、無線通訊等技術快速發展，並應用於各種領域，包括多媒體的收發、保全監視、醫療照護、災害警告、門禁管制、家庭電子商務、自動讀表系統 (Automatic Meter Reading System, AMR)、家庭自動化 (Home Automation, HA) 及定位系統等，為人們日常生活帶來更多安全性及便利性。ZigBee 無線通訊是屬於 IEEE 802.15.4 通訊協定，具雙向傳輸、高可靠度、低耗電、AES-128Bits 加密功能等多項特性，尤其在無線感測網路及監控系統中更為研究焦點。因此，本論文旨在進一步擴展完成下述三項主要研究： (1) 採用 ZigBee 無線感測器網路(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN)，架構區域定位系統，透過路由器 (Router) 作中繼訊號之傳輸介面轉換，將定位信號透過閘道器 (Gateway) 傳回PC端。另外亦有設計PC 端 VB 圖形化定位介面，讓使用者可輕易得知定位資訊、定位標籤及各ZigBee 模組之訊號封包。 (2) 以嵌入式系統設計 ZigBee 無線遙控器與 ZigBee 家電裝置，實現 ZigBee 家庭自動化控制。 (3) 行動輔具控制系統開發,並整合ZigBee 定位系統與ZigBee 家庭自動化控制，增加其行動輔具之高附加價值。其中行動輔具控制系統開發主要以可規劃邏輯陣列 (Field Programmable Gate Arrays, FPGA) 作為控制器，並自行設計控制電路與馬達驅動電路，利用脈波寬度調變 (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) 技術驅動直流有刷馬達，以達成轉速與方向之功能控制。

關鍵字

無線感測網路； ZigBee 定位系統； ZigBee 家庭自動化；行動輔具

並列摘要

In recent years, the techniques of global wireless network and wireless communication have applied in various fields. The applications include the transmission of multimedia receiver, security monitoring, medical care, disaster warning, doorway intercom, family e-commerce services, automatic meter reading system, home automation, and location system, which bring more security and facility to human life. ZigBee wireless communication is accorded to IEEE 802.15.4 protocol, which includes the characteristic of two-way transmission, high reliability, low power, and AES-128 bits encryption devices. Thus the application of ZigBee on the sensor network and monitoring system is the researching key point. This dissertation presents the further completion of the following three major researchs: (1) Use ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) to create the area position system, in which the router is used for the relaying signal transmission interface conversion, and the gateway is placed to receive positioning signals for PC client. In addition, the users can easily know location information, location label and the packet signal of ZigBee module through the PC-side graphical VB interface. (2) Use embedded system to design the ZigBee wireless remote control and the ZigBee appliance equipment for realizing the ZigBee home automation control. (3) Integrate ZigBee location system and ZigBee home automation control system into electric wheelchair to improve the mobile functions. The controller of electric wheelchair control system is developed by field programmable gate array technique. The control circuit and motor drive circuit is designed with pulse width modulation technology to achieve the functions to control brush DC motors speed and direction.