雙陽離子膠體電解質應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之研究

電解液對染料敏化太陽能電池(dye-sensitized solar cells;DSSCs)的性能與長效性有重大的影響，膠態電解液即使會損失一定的效率，但可以降低液態電解質溶劑蒸發、漏液等問題。在本研究中，以具有兩種不同尺寸的陽離子電解液，探討兩種陽離子和膠態濃度對染料敏化太陽能電池性能和長效性的影響。製作電解液使用到的材料有碘(I2)、碘化鋰(LiI)、四丙基碘化銨(Pr4NI)、4-叔丁基?啶(4-TBP)、1,2-二甲基-3-丙基碘化咪唑鎓(DMPII)，其中以碘化鋰為小陽離子與四丙基碘化銨為大陽離子做調配，並用聚偏二氟乙烯－共－三氯乙烯 (PVDF-HFP)與聚乙二醇(PEO)以重量比3:2的比例將電解液膠態化，膠態電解液在加熱後會形成流動狀態，可灌入並進行密封，在內部冷卻形成膠態，減少與空氣接觸的機會。封裝成染料敏化太陽能電池量測光電特性與電化學交流阻抗(EIS)並進行比較。在只添加四丙基碘化銨、碘化鋰與碘的膠化電解液中，染料敏化太陽能電池的開路電壓(Voc)隨大陽離子的含量增加而提高，效率也隨著大陽離子的含量提高，在兩種陽離子各50%時顯示3%的最高效率，最後用同樣的配方添加1,2-二甲基-3-丙基碘化咪唑鎓與4-叔丁基?啶進行電解液優化，效率顯示5.09%，較小的陽離子會吸附於TiO2表面，有助於降低費米能階，提高電流密度，但會降低開路電壓，而較大的陽離子不易吸附TiO2表面，有助於改善開路電壓和離子解離，增加整體效率。

關鍵字

雙陽離子；膠態電解質；碘化鋰；四丙基碘化銨；染料敏化太陽能電池

並列摘要

The effect of electrolyte on the performance and long-term effect of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has a significant effect. However, even if the colloidal electrolyte can lose some efficiency, it can reduce the evaporation and leakage of liquid electrolyte solvent problem. In this study, the effects of two cationic and colloidal concentrations on the performance and long-term efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells were investigated with two different sized cationic electrolytes. The materials used for the production of the electrolytic solution are iodine (I2), lithium iodide (LII), tetrapropylammonium iodide (Pr4NI), 4-tert-butylpyridine (4-TBP), 1,2-dimethy l-3-propylimid- azolium iodide (DMPII), which is prepared by using lithium iodide as a small cation and tetrapropylammonium iodide as a large cation, and using Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) in a weight ratio of 3: 2 ratio of the electrolyte colloidal, colloidal electrolyte will form a flow state after heating, and it can be poured into and sealed, the formation of colloid in the internal cooling and reduce the chance of exposure to air is encapsulated into dye-sensitized solar cells to measure photoelectric properties with electrochemical impedance (EIS) and compare. The open circuit voltage (VOC) of the dye-sensitized solar cell increases with the increase of the cationic content in the gelatinized electrolyte containing only tetrapropylammonium iodide, lithium iodide and iodine, and the efficiency is also dependent on the content of the large cation. The results showed that the highest efficiency was 3% when the two cations were 50% separately, and finally the same formulation was used to add 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide with 4-tert-butylpyridine to optimize the electrolyte . The efficiency shows 5.09%, the smaller cations will adsorb on the surface of titanium dioxide, helping to reduce the Fermi level, and increase the current density, but it will reduce the open circuit voltage, while the larger cation is not easy to adsorb the surface of TiO2 in improving and opening circuit voltage and ion dissociation, increasing overall efficiency.

並列關鍵字

Double cation ； colloidal electrolyte ； lithium iodide ； tetrapropylammonium iodide ； dye sensitized solar cell

參考文獻

[53] 林明獻，2007，”太陽電池技術入門”，全華圖書。

[3] M. Grätzel, 2001, “Photoelectrochemical cells ”,Nature,414,338-344.

[4] B.O’Regan and M. Grätzel, 1991, “A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye sensitized colloidal TiO2 films”, Nature,353,737-740.

[6] P. Wang, S M. Zakeeruddin , P. Comte, I. Exnar and M.Grätzel, 2003, “An efficient organogelator for ionic liquids to prepare stable quasi-solidstate dye-sensitized solar cells”, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 125, 1166-1167.

[7] D. Kuang, P. Wang, S. Ito, S.M. Zakeeruddin, M. Grätzel, 2006. “Stable mesoscopic dye sensitized solar cells based on tetracyanoborate ionic liquid electrolyte”, Journal of the American Chemical Society , 128, 7732-7733.

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雙陽離子膠體電解質應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之研究

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