噴射引擎汽油泵浦流量控制之研究

近年來車用噴射引擎發達，燃油供應系統為了滿足引擎轉速與負荷的最佳效能，對於燃油泵浦的選擇極為重要，其設計均以系統最大需求輸出流為之，配合引擎管理系統(EMS)之行車電腦控制(ECU)作機械動力傳送控制來達到正確的供油量。引擎所需的噴射流量主要由ECU依據空氣流量節氣門、汽油壓力調節器…等主動感知元件回授所得，以噴油時序處理單元(TPU)傳送給噴油嘴的“持續時間信號”來建立基本的燃油泵供應量。在環保與能源意識要求下，現在汽車燃油系統在引擎操作的燃料需求變化量必須精確設計，雖然ECU可精準計算出噴射流量，但是目前燃油泵浦多屬定量輸出，故在泵浦輸出端設置有壓力調節器與回油控制等機制來作流量控制，以達成引擎作功需量。有鑑於傳統燃油系統構件之壓力調節器常因膜片故障增加油耗與污染，在因流量調節而作回流至油箱，致使汽油溫度過高、泵體冷卻效率降低，導致油路氣阻或失火(Miss Fire)等現象，影響引擎操作。本研究模擬以馬達變頻器(PWM)的持續驅動泵浦方式，替代壓力調節器的啟閉操作頻率及回油控制機制，期以降低構件因啟閉延遲造成的油耗與汙染，來達成引擎效能。本論文主要是利用噴射引擎供油系統構件中之壓力調節器的工作模式當作模糊資料庫，探討噴射引擎ECU在輸出之噴嘴噴油時間內，以模糊控制器(FCU)模擬，控制燃油泵的直流(PWM)變頻馬達轉速，驅使泵浦所泵出之油量與壓力調節器輸出模式一致，以適合引擎操作變動率所需之值，經MATLAB -simulink軟體模擬結果，印證燃油輸出比原設定的目標值為優，進而提高引擎效能與環保節能。

關鍵字

噴射引擎；燃油泵浦；流量控制；模糊控制

並列摘要

Recently, because the motor injection engine is prospering, the fuel supply system becomes more important. To choose the fuel pump becomes essential for the fuel supply system which in order to achieve the speed of engine and the best performance of burden. The designs of fuel pump are using the maximum demanded output stream with the trip computer control (ECU) of engine management system (EMS) to achieve the correct amount of supplying oil. The demand of injection flow rate to the engine is depended on the ECU which from the active sensitivity element feedback of the fuel pressure regulator and the throttle of air flow … etc. Furthermore, the engine uses the injection timing processing unit (TPU) to send the "continuing time signal" to injector and set the basic fuel pump supply level. Now, because the environment-friendly concept raises, the fuel demand change level of the automotive fuel systems which about engine using has to be accurate. Although the ECU can compute the injection flow rate accurately, the fuel pump output is still at fixed amount. So, the output of pump builds the pressure regulator and the control of the back oil to control the flow and achieve the needed power level of engine. As a result of the phenomenon of the traditional fuel system which about the fault diaphragm increasing pollution, the fuel temperature going up, the efficiency of pump decreasing, and the fuel air blocked or getting fire could affect the operation of engine. Therefore, this study simulate the method of the continuous drive pump to achieve decreasing the consumption of fuel , reducing the pollution, and enhancing the efficacy of engine by using the motor frequency converter to replace the opened-closed operating frequency of the pressure regulator and the control of the backing oil. This thesis uses the operating mode of the pressure regulator in the injection engine fuel system to be the fuzzy database. In addition, the thesis discusses that the ECU of injection flow uses the fuzzy controller unit (FCU) to control the speed of the DC frequency conversion motor , make the same between the amount of fuel and the output of pressure regulator, and fit the needed about the engine operation change rate. Eventually, this thesis proves that the target of the fuel output is better than the original setting and can be more eco-friendly by the outcome about using the MATLAB – simulink software to simulate.

並列關鍵字

injection engine ； fuel pump ； flow control ； fuzzy control

參考文獻

2. I. Gorille, N. Rittmannsberger, and P. Werner, 1975, ”Bosch Electronic Fuel Injection with Closed Loop Control,” SAE paper 750368, SAE Trans., vol. 84.

3. J. Camp, and T. Rachel, 1975, “Closed-Loop Electronic Fuel and Air Control of Internal Combustion Engines,” SAE paper 750369.

4. R.E. Seiter, and R.J. Clark, 1978, “Ford Three-Way Catalyst and Feedback Fuel Control System,” SAE paper 780203, SAE Trans., vol. 87.

5. O. Glockler, H. Knapp, and H. Manger, 1980, ”Present Status and Future Development of Gasoline Fuel Injection Systems for Passenger Cars,” SAE paper 800467.

6. L.L Bowler., 1980, ”Throttle Body Fuel Injection (TBI)-An Integrated Engine Control System,” SAE paper 800164, SAE Trans., vol. 89.

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噴射引擎汽油泵浦流量控制之研究

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