線性軸不正交構型五軸工具機模擬與碰撞偵測之研究

Development of Simulation and Collision for Five-Axis Machine Tool with Nonorthogonal Linear Axis Configuration

李凱盛(Kai-Sheng Li)

指導教授 ： 佘振華

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/創意工程與精密科技研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

五軸加工為精密製造中的一個重要製程，目前已大量應用於民生工業。基本的五軸工具機構型都是各座標軸相互正交，本研究係針對線性軸不正交的特殊五軸工具機構型探討其數值控制程式的設計方法。
目前雖有許多五軸構型的研究，但卻較少針對線性軸不正交構型作探討。本研究以齊次座標轉換為基礎，利用運動學的正向及反向轉換，可解出五軸工具機各軸運動的解析解。其次，本研究也發展虛擬工具機模擬模組，並利用STL的格式進行刀具與機台的碰撞檢測，使模擬結果更接近於實際結果。而本模組也可以讀入STL所建立的簡單幾何圖形，透過此功能可使模擬以及路徑驗證更加快速。本系統使用Borland C++ Builder 6.0 為視窗程式開發工具，並使用OpenGL 3D 繪圖函式庫達到互動式及3D模型顯示。本研究以自由曲面切削為例，轉換在此種特殊構型加工之程式，經由實體模擬切削軟體驗證，證實本研究所提出的方法可應用於線性軸不正交特殊五軸工具機構型之數控程式模擬及驗證。

關鍵字

五軸加工 ； 碰撞檢測 ； 虛擬工具機 ； 線性軸不正交

並列摘要

As an important process of precision manufacturing, five-axis machining has been widely used in livelihood industries. The basic five-axis machine tool is of mutually orthogonal axis of coordinates in structure. This study discussed the special five-axis machine tool with nonorthogonal linear axis configuration and developed the numerical control programming method.
Despite many studies on the five-axis machine tool configuration, discussions about the type of nonorthogonal linear axis are rare. Based on the homogenous coordinate transformation, this study has derived the analytical equations of the five-axis NC code using forward and inverse kinematics. Secondly, this study also developed the virtual simulation modules of the machine tool, and conducted the machine tool collision tests using the STL format to make the simulation results closer to the actual results. The modules can read simple geometric patterns established by STL, by which the tool path simulation and verification can be even faster. This study used Borland C++ Builder 6.0 as the Windows development tool, and used OpenGL 3D graphic library to realize interaction and 3D model presentation. With free-form surface machining as an example, this study converted the NC program for the special configuration. Verification by solid cutting simulation software and real trial cut experiment confirmed that the proposed method could be applied in the simulation and testing of the numerical control program for the special five-axis machine tool with nonorthogonal linear axis configuration.

並列關鍵字

Five-axis ； Collision tests ； Virtual Machine Tool ； Nonorthogonal linear axis

參考文獻

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